Respuesta en la producción de cera de Bulnesia retama (Zygophyllaceae) a diferentes intensidades de poda en el desierto del Monte, Argentina
; Herrera Moratta, Mario Andres
; Navas Romero, Ana Laura 
Otros responsables
Fecha
04/2023
Editorial
Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales Bernardino Rivadavia
Revista
Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales
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Institución organizadora
ISSN
1514-5158
eISSN
1853-0400
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Español
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Resumen
El arbusto Bulnesia retama es un importante recurso natural de uso no maderable productor de cera. Nuestro objetivo fue evaluar el efecto de diferentes intensidades de poda en el crecimiento, supervivencia y producción de cera de Bulnesia retama en su ambiente natural. Se trabajó en una comunidad de B. retama, en Bermejo, San Juan. Se seleccionaron 15 parcelas. En cada parcela se marcaron diez individuos de B. retama, se midieron variables morfométricas y se aplicaron 4 niveles de poda y un control. Con lo obtenido se determinó producción de cera. Transcurridos cinco años se repitieron las podas evaluándose producción de cera, tamaño y supervivencia. El contenido bruto de cera, al igual que el rendimiento de cera por kg ramas totales cosechadas, el volumen y la supervivencia mostró diferencias significativas de acuerdo al nivel de poda efectuado. El mantenimiento en el tiempo de la producción de cera permite establecer el manejo y conservación de la especie. El retamo tolera podas de baja intensidad y es utilizado por lugareños, lo que podría representar un recurso sustentable generando trabajo y asegurando el arraigo del campesino en zonas marginales.
The Bulnesia retama shrub is an important wax-producing, non-timber natural resource, economically relevant for local communities. Here we evaluate the effects of different pruning intensities on the recovery, survival and wax production in its natural environment. We worked in a community of B. retama at Bermejo, San Juan. Fifteen plots were selected. In each plot, 10 individuals of B. retama were marked, they were measured biometrically and a pruning treatment was applied. Four levels were applied with different pruning intensities and a control. After that, the wax production was determined. After five years, the treatment was repeated evaluating wax production, recovery and survival. The gross wax content, as well as the wax yield per kg of total branches harvested, the volume and the survival showed significant differences according to the level of pruning carried out. Maintaining wax production over time allows for the management and conservation of the species to be established. The broom is an ecoculture that tolerates low intensity of pruning and used by locals could represent a sustainable resource generating work and ensuring the roots of the peasant in marginal areas.
The Bulnesia retama shrub is an important wax-producing, non-timber natural resource, economically relevant for local communities. Here we evaluate the effects of different pruning intensities on the recovery, survival and wax production in its natural environment. We worked in a community of B. retama at Bermejo, San Juan. Fifteen plots were selected. In each plot, 10 individuals of B. retama were marked, they were measured biometrically and a pruning treatment was applied. Four levels were applied with different pruning intensities and a control. After that, the wax production was determined. After five years, the treatment was repeated evaluating wax production, recovery and survival. The gross wax content, as well as the wax yield per kg of total branches harvested, the volume and the survival showed significant differences according to the level of pruning carried out. Maintaining wax production over time allows for the management and conservation of the species to be established. The broom is an ecoculture that tolerates low intensity of pruning and used by locals could represent a sustainable resource generating work and ensuring the roots of the peasant in marginal areas.
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