La vacuna Anti-Alfa contra la tuberculosis: circulación, aceptación y rechazo en Buenos Aires, Argentina, durante la década de 1920

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07/2025
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Investigaciones Socio-Históricas Regionales
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Estudios del ISHIR
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2250-4397
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Durante los primeros años del siglo XX se desarrollaron una gran cantidad de vacunas contra la tuberculosis, una de ellas fue la elaborada por Jaime Ferrán. Se aborda la experiencia alrededor de la vacuna Anti-Alfa, a partir de un conjunto de factores que dinamizaron/obstaculizaron su inclusión como opción tecnológica en el mercado vacunal argentino. Se reconstruyen distintas variables: el prestigio y consecuente legitimidad de su creador; el respaldo implicado en el desarrollo de las pruebas que se realizó con esta vacuna en el Hospital de Niños Expósitos de Buenos Aires. Finalmente, se recuperan las incertidumbres del mundo de la bacteriología de entreguerras, el alcance de los debates y las críticas que las teorías de Ferrán suscitaron entre los médicos argentinos en la Argentina de la década de 1920.
During the early 20th century, a large number of tuberculosis vaccines were developed, one of which was developed by Jaime Ferrán. The experience around the AntiAlpha vaccine is addressed, based on a set of factors that drove and hindered its inclusion as a technological option in the Argentine vaccine market. Several variables are reconstructed: the prestige and subsequent legitimacy of its creator; the support involved in the development of the vaccine tests he conducted at the Foundling Hospital in Buenos Aires. Finally, the uncertainties surrounding the field of bacteriology in the interwar period are examined, as well as the scope of the debates and criticisms that Ferrán's theories generated among Argentine physicians in Argentina in the 1920s.
During the early 20th century, a large number of tuberculosis vaccines were developed, one of which was developed by Jaime Ferrán. The experience around the AntiAlpha vaccine is addressed, based on a set of factors that drove and hindered its inclusion as a technological option in the Argentine vaccine market. Several variables are reconstructed: the prestige and subsequent legitimacy of its creator; the support involved in the development of the vaccine tests he conducted at the Foundling Hospital in Buenos Aires. Finally, the uncertainties surrounding the field of bacteriology in the interwar period are examined, as well as the scope of the debates and criticisms that Ferrán's theories generated among Argentine physicians in Argentina in the 1920s.
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