Dieta e isótopos estables de cazadores recolectores marinos en los canales occidentales de Patagonia, Chile
; San Román, Manuel ; Mendez, Cesar Otros responsables
Fecha
09/2019
Editorial
Cambridge University Press
Revista
Latin American Antiquity
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ISSN
1045-6635
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Español
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Resumen
Las excavaciones arqueológicas y los registros bioantropológicos realizados en el archipiélago de los Chonos (entre 43° 50’ y 46° 50’ S), a lo largo de los canales occidentales de Patagonia, permiten definir la ocupación de este sistema insular por parte de cazadores recolectores marinos desde el Holoceno medio hasta el contacto europeo. Sus conjuntos tecnológicos y arqueofaunísticos señalan una dependencia de recursos del medio litoral y marítimo. La información de isótopos estables del carbono y nitrógeno en restos humanos asociados a estos contextos provee una herramienta de análisis independiente para evaluar las interpretaciones realizadas sobre la base de otros conjuntos de datos arqueológicos. Este trabajo presenta los resultados de análisis de δ13C y δ15N de 38 individuos con edades en el rango entre 2300 y 200 cal aP (fechamientos directos 14C por AMS), así como de muestras complementarias de arqueofauna. El análisis de los valores isotópicos respalda la interpretación de una adaptación cazadora recolectora fundamentada en un patrón de subsistencia enfocado principalmente en recursos litorales y marinos. Los valores de δ13C y δ15N son comparados con los obtenidos de otros grupos canoeros de los canales centrales y meridionales de Patagonia, poniendo de relieve las diferencias en trayectorias de subsistencia entre las regiones involucradas.
Data from archaeological excavations and bioarchaeological analysis in the Chonos archipelago (43°50' - 46°50'S), within the northern channels of Patagonia, have led scholars to conclude that this island system was occupied by marine hunter-gatherers since the middle Holocene until contact with Europeans. The data from the technological and archaeofaunal collections indicate dependence on littoral and marine resources. The information from carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes of human remains associated with these contexts provides a powerful and an independent analytical tool, enabling us to evaluate the subsistence models based on other archaeological datasets. In this paper, we present the results of Δ13C and Δ15N analyses of 38 individuals with direct 14C AMS ages between 2300 and 200 cal BP, as well as that of archaeofaunal samples from the region. The analysis of isotopic values supports the interpretation of a subsistence pattern focused mainly on littoral and marine resources. We then compare the Δ13C and Δ15N values to those of other canoeist hunter-gatherers of the central and southern channels of Patagonia, highlighting the differences in subsistence trajectories between the regions involved.
Data from archaeological excavations and bioarchaeological analysis in the Chonos archipelago (43°50' - 46°50'S), within the northern channels of Patagonia, have led scholars to conclude that this island system was occupied by marine hunter-gatherers since the middle Holocene until contact with Europeans. The data from the technological and archaeofaunal collections indicate dependence on littoral and marine resources. The information from carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes of human remains associated with these contexts provides a powerful and an independent analytical tool, enabling us to evaluate the subsistence models based on other archaeological datasets. In this paper, we present the results of Δ13C and Δ15N analyses of 38 individuals with direct 14C AMS ages between 2300 and 200 cal BP, as well as that of archaeofaunal samples from the region. The analysis of isotopic values supports the interpretation of a subsistence pattern focused mainly on littoral and marine resources. We then compare the Δ13C and Δ15N values to those of other canoeist hunter-gatherers of the central and southern channels of Patagonia, highlighting the differences in subsistence trajectories between the regions involved.
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