Development patterns and oxidative metabolism of antarctic sea stars
; Fraysse, Cintia Pamela
; Pfoh, Malena
; Boy, Claudia Clementina 
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Fecha
07/2025
Editorial
Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"
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Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales
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ISSN
1514-5158
eISSN
1853-0400
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Inglés
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Resumen
Las estrellas de mar presentan diferentes patrones de desarrollo, que comprenden desde desarrollo indirecto a directo, incluyendo la presencia de larvas pelágicas o bentónicas y nutrición planctotrófica o lecitotrófica. El objetivo de muestra investigación fue estudiar los parámetros generales del metabolismo oxidativo durante la maduración gonadal femenina en asteroideos antárticos con diferentes patrones de desarrollo. Se realizaron muestreos estivales durante 2012 en Antártica. Cada asteroideo fue identificado taxonómicamente y se estableció su patrón de desarrollo. Mediante histología determinamos el sexo y estadio reproductivo. En los ovarios maduros se determinaron los parámetros generales del metabolismo oxidativo midiendo especies reactivas del oxígeno (ERO) y capacidad antioxidante total (CAT). Los patrones de desarrollo que incluyen incubación interna u oral presentaron menor producción de ERO que aquellas con estrategias de desove libre. El patrón con larva planctotrófica libre presentó menor CAT que ambos patrones incubantes. Los patrones de desarrollo con larva lecitotrófica libre y larva lecitotrófica facultativa presentaron valores intermedios de CAT, pero no presentaron diferencias significativas. Concluimos que aquellas especies donde sus descendientes adquieren rápidamente la capacidad de alimentarse durante el desarrollo (larvas planctotróficas) presentan baja CAT y elevados ERO, respecto de las especies que no se alimentan durante su desarrollo. Estas últimas reciben un mayor aporte materno de antioxidantes reduciendo de esta forma los niveles de ERO. Los patrones de desarrollo que presentan incubación garantizan una mejor calidad de los ovocitos y una mayor aptitud de las crías que las no protegidas.
Sea stars exhibit different development patterns that comprise indirect and direct development, including pelagic or benthic larvae, and planktotrophic or lecithotrophic nutrition. The purpose of our research was to study the general parameters of oxidative metabolism during female gonadal maturation in Antarctic sea stars with different development patterns. Summer sampling was performed in 2012 in Antarctica. Every asteroid was taxonomically identified, and its development pattern was established. Sex and the reproductive stage were determined through histological analyses. The general parameters of the oxidative metabolism were determined in mature ovaries by measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). The development patterns with internal or oral brooding presented a lower production of ROS than those with a broadcaster strategy. The free-living planktotrophic larvae pattern presented lower TAC values than both types of brooding patterns. The development patterns of free-living lecithotrophic larvae and facultative lecithotrophic larvae presented intermediate values of TAC but did not show significant differences. We concluded that species that offspring rapidly acquire the ability to feed during development (planktotrophic larvae) exhibit lower TAC and higher levels of ROS than the species that do not feed during their development, which will receive greater maternal supply of antioxidants, resulting in reduced ROS levels. The development patterns with brooding ensure better quality oocytes and higher fitness in offspring than those unprotected.
Sea stars exhibit different development patterns that comprise indirect and direct development, including pelagic or benthic larvae, and planktotrophic or lecithotrophic nutrition. The purpose of our research was to study the general parameters of oxidative metabolism during female gonadal maturation in Antarctic sea stars with different development patterns. Summer sampling was performed in 2012 in Antarctica. Every asteroid was taxonomically identified, and its development pattern was established. Sex and the reproductive stage were determined through histological analyses. The general parameters of the oxidative metabolism were determined in mature ovaries by measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). The development patterns with internal or oral brooding presented a lower production of ROS than those with a broadcaster strategy. The free-living planktotrophic larvae pattern presented lower TAC values than both types of brooding patterns. The development patterns of free-living lecithotrophic larvae and facultative lecithotrophic larvae presented intermediate values of TAC but did not show significant differences. We concluded that species that offspring rapidly acquire the ability to feed during development (planktotrophic larvae) exhibit lower TAC and higher levels of ROS than the species that do not feed during their development, which will receive greater maternal supply of antioxidants, resulting in reduced ROS levels. The development patterns with brooding ensure better quality oocytes and higher fitness in offspring than those unprotected.
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