Effectiveness of interventions to improve breastfeeding outcomes among women from vulnerable ethnic groups: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Despite the known benefits of breastfeeding (BF) on maternal and child health and environmental and economic levels, global BF rates are lower than recommended, especially in vulnerable ethnic groups. This review protocol is designed to analyze the interventions to promote BF in women from vulnerable ethnic groups considering the initiation, duration, and exclusivity of the practice.The systematic review will adhere to the PRISMA guidelines. Searches will be conducted in March 2025 across eleven databases. Randomized controlled trials will be included, without language or year restrictions. The quality of the included studies will be assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Tool. Data will be extracted and synthesized systematically, considering a Social-Ecological Model and the Breastfeeding Gear Model. The meta-analysis will be carried out according to the Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions.A multilevel perspective is essential for effectively implementing evidence-based BF support, particularly when considering vulnerable ethnic groups. This work will summarize the interventions to overcome barriers in the promotion of BF. Therefore, the findings of this review will integrate models in line with the Social Determinants of Health and the sustainable development goals.