Cobertura Universal de Salud -CUS- vs. Derecho a la Salud. Un análisis ético y político sobre lo "universal" en salud en "tiempos de restauración conservadora"

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Fecha
2018-10-01
Editorial
Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones Socio-Económicas
Revista
RevIISE
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Institución organizadora
ISSN
1852-6586
eISSN
2250-5555
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Español
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Resumen
El objetivo del trabajo es el análisis crítico de la Cobertura Universal de Salud -CUS- impuesta por el actual gobierno argentino bajo el Decreto de Necesidad de Urgencia 908/2016. Nuestra hipótesis general gira en torno a mostrar cómo las políticas neoconservadoras, que se esconden bajo el discurso universalista de la CUS, hacen uso del poder estatal para transferir fondos pú-blicos al sector privado. Esto es, no sólo usan al mismo Estado -criticado por estas políticas como ineficiente-; sino que dejan en peligro al mismo derecho a la salud que dicen proteger. A través del análisis ético y político de la filosofía subyacente en la CUS, estudiaremos: (I) sus finalidades y elmodelo sanitario propuesto; (II) sus métodos de apropiación de conceptos populares igualitarios para perseguir efectos neutralizadores, al igualque lo hiciera antes el Banco Mundial (De la Atención Primaria Salud -APS- Integral a la APS selectiva). Por último (III), mostraremos cómo la CUS, lejos de favorecer el derecho a la salud priorizando la medicina preventiva y laEvaluación Integral de Determinantes Sociales, desplaza esta prioridad de nuestra sociedad por la extrapolada Evaluación de Tecnologías Sanitarias y la modernización informática sanitaria propia de sociedades desarrolladas.
The objective of this paper is a critical analysis of the Cobertura Universal de Salud -a Universal Healthcare Program in Argentina- (CUS, in its Spanish acronym). My general hypothesis revolves around demonstrating how neoconservative policies, which hide behind by a CUS universalist discourse, make use of State power in order to transfer public funds to the private sector. In other words, not only do they use the State -which is criticised as being inefficient for these policies- but they also endanger the right to healthcare that they claim they protect. Through an ethical and political analysis of the philosophy behind the CUS, I will explore: (I) its purposes and the model of healthcare proposed. (II) How it appropriates popular egalitarian concepts in order to pursue neutralising effects, as it did before the World Bank (from Integral Primary Healthcare to Selective Primary Healthcare). Finally (III) I will show how the CUS does not favour the right to healthcare by prioritising preventative medicine and the integral evaluation of social determinants. Rather, it displaces this priority in our society for an extrapolated Health Technology Assessment and modernised Health Informatics, characteristic of developed societies.
The objective of this paper is a critical analysis of the Cobertura Universal de Salud -a Universal Healthcare Program in Argentina- (CUS, in its Spanish acronym). My general hypothesis revolves around demonstrating how neoconservative policies, which hide behind by a CUS universalist discourse, make use of State power in order to transfer public funds to the private sector. In other words, not only do they use the State -which is criticised as being inefficient for these policies- but they also endanger the right to healthcare that they claim they protect. Through an ethical and political analysis of the philosophy behind the CUS, I will explore: (I) its purposes and the model of healthcare proposed. (II) How it appropriates popular egalitarian concepts in order to pursue neutralising effects, as it did before the World Bank (from Integral Primary Healthcare to Selective Primary Healthcare). Finally (III) I will show how the CUS does not favour the right to healthcare by prioritising preventative medicine and the integral evaluation of social determinants. Rather, it displaces this priority in our society for an extrapolated Health Technology Assessment and modernised Health Informatics, characteristic of developed societies.
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