¿Es el sujeto solo un efecto en la filosofía de Deleuze?

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12/2025
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Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia. Facultad de Filosofía
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1133-5351
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En este artículo queremos contribuir al estudio del concepto de sujeto en la filosofía de Gilles Deleuze. A tal fin, recurriremos a Etienne Balibar, quien sostiene que los pensadores estructuralistas, entre los que incluye a Deleuze, se caracterizan por llevar a cabo dos movimientos: la deconstrucción del sujeto como arjé y su reconstrucción como un efecto. El primero se apoya en la estructura como dispositivo de inversión del sujeto constituyente en sujeto constituido, mientras que el segundo designa el surgimiento de lo irrepresentable por la estructura, que se disuelve en beneficio del flujo, la diseminación, la máquina o la cosa. Nuestro objetivo aquí es testear la hipótesis de Balibar a fin de evaluar si el tratamiento deleuziano del sujeto la corrobora o bien la refuta. Según buscaremos probar, es aplicable solo parcialmente dado que, si bien Deleuze ha implementado variadas estrategias tendientes a desmantelar al sujeto como arjé y pensarlo en términos de multiplicidades, agenciamientos y singularidades, su obra ofrece perspectivas que lo conciben como algo más que un mero efecto, entre las que cabe destacar: la contra-efectuación de los acontecimientos, la idea de grupos-sujeto, la apelación a la creencia en este mundo, la prudencia práctica experimental.
In this article, we want to contribute to the study of the concept of the subject in Gilles Deleuze’s philosophy. To this end, we will draw on Étienne Balibar, who argues that structuralist thinkers, including Deleuze, are characterised by two movements: the deconstruction of the subject as arjé and its reconstruction as an effect. The first movement relies on the structure as a device for the inversion of the consti-tuent subject into the constituted subject, while the second designates the emergence of the unrepresentable by the structure, which dissolves for the benefit of the flow, the dissemination, the machine, or the thing. Our aim here is to test Balibar’s hypothesis to assess whether it is corroborated or rejected in the Deleuzian treatment of the subject. As we will seek to prove, it is only partially applicable given that, although Deleuze has implemented various strategies intending to dismantle the subject as arjé and think of it in terms of multiplicities, agency, and singularities, his work offers perspectives that conceive it as something more than a mere effect, including the counter-effectuation of events, the idea of subject-groups, the appeal to believe in this world, experimental practical prudence.
In this article, we want to contribute to the study of the concept of the subject in Gilles Deleuze’s philosophy. To this end, we will draw on Étienne Balibar, who argues that structuralist thinkers, including Deleuze, are characterised by two movements: the deconstruction of the subject as arjé and its reconstruction as an effect. The first movement relies on the structure as a device for the inversion of the consti-tuent subject into the constituted subject, while the second designates the emergence of the unrepresentable by the structure, which dissolves for the benefit of the flow, the dissemination, the machine, or the thing. Our aim here is to test Balibar’s hypothesis to assess whether it is corroborated or rejected in the Deleuzian treatment of the subject. As we will seek to prove, it is only partially applicable given that, although Deleuze has implemented various strategies intending to dismantle the subject as arjé and think of it in terms of multiplicities, agency, and singularities, his work offers perspectives that conceive it as something more than a mere effect, including the counter-effectuation of events, the idea of subject-groups, the appeal to believe in this world, experimental practical prudence.
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