El Oligopolio Tecnológico Global, la periferia digital y América Latina
; Juncos, Ignacio 
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Fecha
12/2024
Editorial
Instituto de Desarrollo Económico y Social
Revista
Desarrollo Económico
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1853-8185
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Resumen
El objetivo del trabajo es analizar implicancias económicas y tecnológicas para América Latina de la consolidación de lo que denominamos un Oligopolio Tecnológico Global conformado por las gigantes tecnológicas occidentales y orientales: Google, Amazon, Meta, Apple, Microsoft, Alibaba, Tencent y Huawei. Observamos la dinámica de competencia y rentabilización del capital del OTG y su relación con determinados rasgos del mercado tecnológico latinoamericano. Analizamos los casos de tres grandes empresas que desarrollan estrategias de acumulación similares a las de las gigantes y forman parte del grupo conocido como “tecnolatinas”: Mercado Libre, Magazine Luiza y Nubank. Nos basamos en la revisión bibliográfica y documental de fuentes secundarias (documentos institucionales, contribuciones académicas y prensa especializada). Planteamos que la dinámica “coo-petitiva” y oligopólica del mercado tecnológico global refuerza la condición tecno-económica subordinada de América Latina, en un análisis que pretende contribuir a los debates sobre el desarrollo periférico en el marco del capitalismo actual (global, digital e hiper concentrado).
The objective of this paper is to analyze the economic and technological implications for Latin America of the consolidation of what we call a Global Technological Oligopoly made up of Western and Eastern technological giants: Google, Amazon, Meta, Apple, Microsoft, Alibaba, Tencent and Huawei. We observe the dynamics of competition and profitability of OTG capital and its relationship with certain features of the Latin American technology market. We analyze the cases of three large companies that develop accumulation strategies similar to those of the giants and are part of the group known as “tecnolatinas”: Mercado Libre, Magazine Luiza and Nubank. We rely on a bibliographic and documentary review of secondary sources (institutional documents, academic contributions and specialized press). We propose that the “coopetitive” and oligopolistic dynamics of the global technological market reinforces the subordinate techno-economic condition of Latin America, in an analysis that aims to contribute to the debates on peripheral development within the framework of current capitalism (global, digital and hyper-concentrated).
The objective of this paper is to analyze the economic and technological implications for Latin America of the consolidation of what we call a Global Technological Oligopoly made up of Western and Eastern technological giants: Google, Amazon, Meta, Apple, Microsoft, Alibaba, Tencent and Huawei. We observe the dynamics of competition and profitability of OTG capital and its relationship with certain features of the Latin American technology market. We analyze the cases of three large companies that develop accumulation strategies similar to those of the giants and are part of the group known as “tecnolatinas”: Mercado Libre, Magazine Luiza and Nubank. We rely on a bibliographic and documentary review of secondary sources (institutional documents, academic contributions and specialized press). We propose that the “coopetitive” and oligopolistic dynamics of the global technological market reinforces the subordinate techno-economic condition of Latin America, in an analysis that aims to contribute to the debates on peripheral development within the framework of current capitalism (global, digital and hyper-concentrated).
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