El momento Mitre: Retórica y aporías de una república liberal nacionalista rioplatense

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Fecha
12/2018
Editorial
Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Facultad de Humanidades. Departamento de Historia
Revista
Revista de Historia
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Institución organizadora
ISSN
2591-3190
eISSN
2591-3190
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Español
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Resumen
Existe cierto consenso entre los historiadores contemporáneos argentinos acerca de la existencia de un proceso gradual de transformación de los lenguajes políticos en el siglo XIX rioplatense. La tesis es que las elites políticas sobrevivientes al orden rosista justificaron y contribuyeron al traspaso de un momento republicano social (1820-1852) a uno liberal nacionalista (1852-1880). En este trabajo sugerimos la existencia de un momento político intermedio a aquellos dos más distales, el cual denominaremos momento Mitre (1852-1874). La incorporación de este momento permite a nuestro entender captar adecuadamente la gradualidad y particularidad de aquel proceso político de transformación semántica. En este contexto general, nuestros objetivos específicos son tres. En primer lugar, procederemos a reconstruir los desplazamientos conceptuales existentes en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX en tres vocablos especialmente relevantes: república, federación y nación, en tanto contexto político de enunciación y justificación del orden liberal nacionalista mitrista. En segundo lugar, explicitaremos el inicio, desarrollo y ocaso paradójico de aquel momento político intermedio deteniéndonos en sus contribuciones retóricas al giro liberal nacionalista enunciado. En tercer lugar, brindaremos argumentos en defensa de la hipótesis conforme la cual el aparato retórico liberal nacionalista mitrista permite evidenciar ciertas particularidades y aporías propias del liberalismo nacionalista rioplatense de segunda mitad del siglo XIX.
There is a certain consensus among Argentine contemporary historians about the existence of a gradual process of transformation of political languages in the riverplate´s 19th century. The thesis is that the political elites that survived the rosista order justified and contributed to the transfer of a social republican moment (1820-1852) to a liberal nationalist one (1852-1880). In this paper we suggest the existence of an intermediate political moment to those two most distal, which we will call Mitre moment (1852-1874). The incorporation of this moment allows our understanding to properly capture the gradualness and particularity of that political process of semantic transformation. In this general context, our specific objectives are three. In the first place, we will proceed to reconstruct the conceptual displacements existing in the second half of the 19th century in three especially relevant words: republic, federation and nation, as a political context of enunciation and justification of the liberal nationalist mitrista order. Secondly, we will explain the beginning, development and paradoxical decline of that intermediate political moment, stopping us in its rhetorical contributions to the nationalist liberal turn enunciated. In the third place, we will offer arguments in defense of the hypothesis according to which the liberal nationalist rhetorical apparatus mitrista allows to demonstrate certain peculiarities and aporias of the riverplate nationalist liberalism of the second half of the 19th century.
There is a certain consensus among Argentine contemporary historians about the existence of a gradual process of transformation of political languages in the riverplate´s 19th century. The thesis is that the political elites that survived the rosista order justified and contributed to the transfer of a social republican moment (1820-1852) to a liberal nationalist one (1852-1880). In this paper we suggest the existence of an intermediate political moment to those two most distal, which we will call Mitre moment (1852-1874). The incorporation of this moment allows our understanding to properly capture the gradualness and particularity of that political process of semantic transformation. In this general context, our specific objectives are three. In the first place, we will proceed to reconstruct the conceptual displacements existing in the second half of the 19th century in three especially relevant words: republic, federation and nation, as a political context of enunciation and justification of the liberal nationalist mitrista order. Secondly, we will explain the beginning, development and paradoxical decline of that intermediate political moment, stopping us in its rhetorical contributions to the nationalist liberal turn enunciated. In the third place, we will offer arguments in defense of the hypothesis according to which the liberal nationalist rhetorical apparatus mitrista allows to demonstrate certain peculiarities and aporias of the riverplate nationalist liberalism of the second half of the 19th century.
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