Sistemas hortícolas del periurbano de Mar del Plata (Argentina): implicancias ambientales y necesidad de una clasificación tipológica para la evaluación de la sustentabilidad
; Vazquez, Patricia Susana
; Sequeira, Nahuel David 
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Fecha
10/2021
Editorial
Universidad de Murcia
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Papeles de Geografía
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1989-4627
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El cinturón hortícola de Mar del Plata no ha sido ajeno a los procesos de expansión eintensificación que sufrió la actividad a escala regional, ni tampoco a los problemas ambientalesderivados. En este contexto, se propone identificar y analizar los problemas ambientales de lossistemas hortícolas del periurbano de Mar del Plata suscitados en las últimas décadas, y realizaruna clasificación de dichos sistemas con el fin de obtener tipologías representativas quepermitan evaluar, posteriormente, su sustentabilidad. Partiendo del análisis de datos secundariose información primaria, se determinó que el empleo de elevadas dosis de plaguicidas sintéticosy fertilizantes y escasa planificación del momento de aplicación fue la acción que mayorcantidad de factores impactó, generando numerosos problemas ambientales. Asimismo, seidentificaron cuatro tipologías representativas que se vinculan de manera dispar con el ambiente,demostrando la heterogeneidad de sistemas presentes. Si bien sería importante profundizar elestudio, los resultados obtenidos conforman la base necesaria para ahondar en análisis másespecíficos referidos a la sustentabilidad ambiental.
The horticultural belt of Mar del Plata has not been unaffected by the processes of expansion and intensification of the activity on a regional scale, neither by the environmental problems associated with it. In this context, it is proposed to identify and analyze the environmental problems of horticultural systems in the periurban area of Mar del Plata that have arisen in the last decades, and to classify these systems in order to obtain representative typologies that will allow to evaluate their sustainability later on. Based on the analysis of secondary data and primary information, it was determined that the use of high doses of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers and poor planning of the moment of application was the action that had the greatest impact, generating numerous environmental problems. Likewise, four representative typologies were identified that are linked in different ways with the environment, demonstrating the heterogeneity of the systems involved. Although it would be important to carry out a more indepth study, the results obtained form the necessary basis for further analysis of more specific aspects of environmental sustainability.
The horticultural belt of Mar del Plata has not been unaffected by the processes of expansion and intensification of the activity on a regional scale, neither by the environmental problems associated with it. In this context, it is proposed to identify and analyze the environmental problems of horticultural systems in the periurban area of Mar del Plata that have arisen in the last decades, and to classify these systems in order to obtain representative typologies that will allow to evaluate their sustainability later on. Based on the analysis of secondary data and primary information, it was determined that the use of high doses of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers and poor planning of the moment of application was the action that had the greatest impact, generating numerous environmental problems. Likewise, four representative typologies were identified that are linked in different ways with the environment, demonstrating the heterogeneity of the systems involved. Although it would be important to carry out a more indepth study, the results obtained form the necessary basis for further analysis of more specific aspects of environmental sustainability.
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