La privatización de la Universidad Latinoamericana y los mecanismos de financiamiento como estrategia política: Un estudio de casos
; Trotta, Lucía ; Saforcada, Maria Fernanda 
Otros responsables
Fecha
12/2022
Editorial
Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia
Revista
Revista Espanola de Educación Comparada
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Institución organizadora
ISSN
1137-8654
eISSN
2174-5382
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Español
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Resumen
Las Conferencias Regionales de Educación Superior (CRES) han establecido en América Latina que la educación superior es un bien público y un derecho. Esto plantea enormes desafíos ya que se trata de una de las regiones más privatizadas del globo y con una creciente expansión de la Industria Educativa Global (IEG). El artículo presentará un panorama general para luego profundizar en las políticas de financiamiento como estrategias, no siempre evidentes, de privatización. En particular, se analizará la introducción de mecanismos de financiamiento a la demanda como nueva forma de profundización de los procesos de privatización y mercantilización de la educación superior. Esto es cómo programas de becas y créditos– que se presentan como políticas de inclusión- promueven una creciente transferencia de subsidios públicos al sector privado en el marco de una equiparación entre ambos sectores, lo que beneficia económicamente y fortalece políticamente a la IEG. Esta tendencia se potenció durante la pandemia sobre la construcción discursiva de una «vulnerabilidad financiera del sector privado», propiciando medidas gubernamentales para asistir al sector promovidas por actores regionales y organismos internacionales. Este articulo sintetiza los resultados de una investigación sobre estas temáticas para América Latina, que focaliza en un estudio de casos instrumental y múltiple (Chile, Perú y República Dominicana).
The Regional Conferences on Higher Education (CRES) defined higher education as a human right and a social public good. This presents enormous challenges for Latin America as it is one of the most privatized regions in the world with the exponential growth of the Global Education Industry (GEI). This article will present a regional panorama to then analyze financing policies as inconspicuous privatization strategies. In particular, it will examine the introduction of mechanisms to distribute the funds based on demand financing as a new method for strengthening higher education privatization and commodification processes. This is how scholarships and credit programmes, which are presented as inclusion policies, actually result in the siphoning of public funds to the private sector, all the while being framed as an attempt at equating both sectors, which economically benefits and politically reinforce GEI. This trend was enhanced in the context of the pandemic by the construction of a discourse of "private sector financial vulnerability ´´, resulting in governmental measures beneficial to the private sector promoted by regional actors and international organizations. This article synthesizes results of a research project on these topics in Latin America, focusing on instrumental and multiple case studies (Chile, Peru and the Dominican Republic).
The Regional Conferences on Higher Education (CRES) defined higher education as a human right and a social public good. This presents enormous challenges for Latin America as it is one of the most privatized regions in the world with the exponential growth of the Global Education Industry (GEI). This article will present a regional panorama to then analyze financing policies as inconspicuous privatization strategies. In particular, it will examine the introduction of mechanisms to distribute the funds based on demand financing as a new method for strengthening higher education privatization and commodification processes. This is how scholarships and credit programmes, which are presented as inclusion policies, actually result in the siphoning of public funds to the private sector, all the while being framed as an attempt at equating both sectors, which economically benefits and politically reinforce GEI. This trend was enhanced in the context of the pandemic by the construction of a discourse of "private sector financial vulnerability ´´, resulting in governmental measures beneficial to the private sector promoted by regional actors and international organizations. This article synthesizes results of a research project on these topics in Latin America, focusing on instrumental and multiple case studies (Chile, Peru and the Dominican Republic).
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