Estados Unidos y la manufacturación del consenso geopolítico sobre infraestructura china en América Latina
; Romano, Silvina Maria 
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Fecha
01/2026
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Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales Ecuador
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1390-3691
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Introducción: la narrativa que presenta a China como amenaza militar en ALC ha sido impulsada por actores gubernamentales, think tanks y especialistas vinculados al aparato militar estadounidense, quienes catalogan la cooperación en defensa y proyectos de infraestructura como riesgos para la seguridad hemisférica, centrando el encuadre en la noción de uso dual, según la cual infraestructuras civiles financiadas por China podrían tener fines militares. Objetivo: en este contexto, se analiza la dinámica que construye, sostiene y consolida un consenso en torno al relato geopolítico del uso dual de infraestructura china en ALC, mediante la vinculación entre instituciones, organismos y personalidades que forman una red de poder alrededor del Complejo Industrial Militar estadounidense. Metodología: con enfoque cualitativo se retoma la producción institucional y doctrinaria de actores vinculados al gobierno de EE.UU., de think tanks, y la proyección mediática del relato a nivel internacional y local. Conclusiones: se observa que el relato funciona como una amenaza performativa más que como una descripción de hechos; al generar percepciones de riesgo y guiar decisiones estratégicas, legitima aumentos presupuestarios y refuerza sospechas hacia China sin evidencia concluyente, subrayando el papel central de este consenso en la política exterior y doméstica estadounidense.
Introduction: The narrative framing China as a military threat in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) has been promoted by government actors, think tanks, and experts linked to the U.S. military apparatus, who portray defense cooperation and infrastructure projects as risks to hemispheric security, centering the framing on the notion of dual use, whereby civilian infrastructure financed by China could serve military purposes. Objective: In this context, this study analyzes the dynamics that construct, sustain, and consolidate a consensus around the geopolitical narrative of the dual use of Chinese infrastructure in LAC, through linkages among institutions, organizations, and individuals that form a power network around the U.S. Military–Industrial Complex. Methodology: Using a qualitative approach, it draws on the institutional and doctrinal output of actors linked to the U.S. government, think tanks, and the media projection of the narrative at international and local levels. Conclusions: The narrative functions more as a performative threat than a description of facts; by generating risk perceptions and guiding strategic decisions, it legitimizes budget increases and reinforces suspicions toward China without conclusive evidence, underscoring the central role of this consensus in U.S. foreign and domestic policy.
Introduction: The narrative framing China as a military threat in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) has been promoted by government actors, think tanks, and experts linked to the U.S. military apparatus, who portray defense cooperation and infrastructure projects as risks to hemispheric security, centering the framing on the notion of dual use, whereby civilian infrastructure financed by China could serve military purposes. Objective: In this context, this study analyzes the dynamics that construct, sustain, and consolidate a consensus around the geopolitical narrative of the dual use of Chinese infrastructure in LAC, through linkages among institutions, organizations, and individuals that form a power network around the U.S. Military–Industrial Complex. Methodology: Using a qualitative approach, it draws on the institutional and doctrinal output of actors linked to the U.S. government, think tanks, and the media projection of the narrative at international and local levels. Conclusions: The narrative functions more as a performative threat than a description of facts; by generating risk perceptions and guiding strategic decisions, it legitimizes budget increases and reinforces suspicions toward China without conclusive evidence, underscoring the central role of this consensus in U.S. foreign and domestic policy.
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