Use of norway rats as sentinel species in a contaminated urban basin: exploring the relationship between environmental lead and cerebellar cytoarchitecture
; Tripodi, Mariel Alejandra
; Pandolfi, Matias
; Muschetto, Emiliano
; Hancke, Diego
; Suarez, Olga Virginia 
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Fecha
12/2024
Editorial
Sociedad de Toxicología Argentina
Revista
Acta Toxicologica Argentina
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1851-3743
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Inglés
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La rata noruega (Rattus norvegicus) ha sido utilizada extensivamente como especie centinela en los estudios medioambientales sobre exposición al plomo. Este metal puede afectar a todos los órganos del cuerpo, principalmente al sistema nervioso. La Cuenca Matanza-Riachuelo (CMR) es una de las cuencas más contaminadas del mundo y presenta un gradiente de contaminación por metales tóxicos a lo largo de su extensión. El objetivo general de este estudio fue determinar la relación entre la concentración ambiental de plomo y los cambios en la citoarquitectura cerebelosa de R. norvegicus. Se caracterizaron seis puntos de captura situados en la CMR con presencia de plomo en suelo y agua y se midieron nueve variables morfológicas en el cerebelo de treinta y dos ratas para evaluar el daño citológico. El número de células por área de la capa molecular se asoció negativamente con la concentración de plomo en el riñón y con la edad. Asimismo, se encontró una asociación negativa entre la relación núcleo-citoplasma de las células de Purkinje y la concentración de plomo en el suelo de los lugares de estudio. Los resultados obtenidos en este estudio muestran que la contaminación por plomo en la CMR podría producir cambios en la citoarquitectura del cerebelo de las ratas que allí viven. Teniendo en cuenta las limitaciones inherentes al estudio de ratas salvajes, este trabajo arroja luz sobre cómo concentraciones de plomo inferiores a las utilizadas en trabajos experimentales pueden aún generar efectos sobre la citoarquitectura cerebelosa.
Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) have been used extensively as sentinels in environmental studies of lead exposure. Thismetal can affect every organ in the body, mainly the nervous system. The Matanza-Riachuelo Basin (MRB) is one of the most pollutedbasins in the world and presents a gradient of toxic metal contamination along its length. The overall goal of this study was to determinethe relationship between environmental lead concentration and changes in the cerebellar cytoarchitecture of R. norvegicus. Sixcapture sites located in the MRB were characterized with soil and water presence and nine morphological variables were measured inthe cerebellum of thirty-two rats to evaluate cytological damage. The number of cells per area of the molecular layer was negativelyassociated with the concentration of lead in the kidney and with age. Also, a negative association was found between the nucleus-tocytoplasmicratio of Purkinje cells and the concentration of lead in the soil of the study sites. The results obtained in this study showthat lead contamination in the MRB could produce changes in the cytoarchitecture of the cerebellum of the rats living there. Despitethe inherent limitations of studying wild rats, this work sheds light on how concentrations of lead lower than those used in experimentalworks can still generate effects on cerebellar cytoarchitecture.
Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) have been used extensively as sentinels in environmental studies of lead exposure. Thismetal can affect every organ in the body, mainly the nervous system. The Matanza-Riachuelo Basin (MRB) is one of the most pollutedbasins in the world and presents a gradient of toxic metal contamination along its length. The overall goal of this study was to determinethe relationship between environmental lead concentration and changes in the cerebellar cytoarchitecture of R. norvegicus. Sixcapture sites located in the MRB were characterized with soil and water presence and nine morphological variables were measured inthe cerebellum of thirty-two rats to evaluate cytological damage. The number of cells per area of the molecular layer was negativelyassociated with the concentration of lead in the kidney and with age. Also, a negative association was found between the nucleus-tocytoplasmicratio of Purkinje cells and the concentration of lead in the soil of the study sites. The results obtained in this study showthat lead contamination in the MRB could produce changes in the cytoarchitecture of the cerebellum of the rats living there. Despitethe inherent limitations of studying wild rats, this work sheds light on how concentrations of lead lower than those used in experimentalworks can still generate effects on cerebellar cytoarchitecture.
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