Liberalismo, autoridad y Estado: Acerca del componente autoritario de la estatalidad en Hermann Heller
; Kiel, Ramiro 
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10/2024
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Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani
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1666-8979
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A pesar de que en los últimos años se produjo una creciente preocupación por el “neoliberalismo autoritario”, es dable observar que la mayoría de las reflexiones teóricas, al centrarse sobre el componente neoliberal, ubican el componente autoritario en un lugar secundario y lo identifican sin más con el uso excesivo del aparato represivo del Estado. En un sentido opuesto discurre la contribución de aquel autor que, según puede corroborarse, acuñó tempranamente la fórmula “neoliberalismo autoritario”: Hermann Heller. A juicio de este teórico alemán del Estado, el componente autoritario, si bien envolvía el uso excesivo de la violencia, iluminaba un problema que excedía al liberalismo y alcanzaba a toda forma estatal, a saber: al de la remisión a un conjunto de preceptos e ideas con los que el Estado se consagra como autoridad. En vista de ello, en este trabajo nos proponemos ganar claridad conceptual sobre el carácter autoritario del Estado tal como Hermann Heller lo estableció en su clásico escrito “¿Liberalismo autoritario?”.
Although there has been a growing concern in recent years about the concept of "authoritarian neoliberalism", it is worth noting that the majority of theoretical reflections have focused on the neoliberal component, placing the authoritarian component in a secondary position and simply identifying it with the excessive use of the repressive apparatus of the state. In the opposite direction runs the contribution of that author who, as can be proved, early coined the term "authoritarian neoliberalism": Hermann Heller. According to this German theorist of the state, the authoritarian component, although it involves the excessive use of force, highlights a problem that transcends liberalism and reaches all state forms, namely that of the reference to a set of principles and ideas by which the state sanctifies itself as an authority. In light of the aforementioned considerations, the aim of this paper is to shed light on the authoritarian character of the state as defined by Hermann Heller in his seminal work, "Authoritarian Liberalism?".
Although there has been a growing concern in recent years about the concept of "authoritarian neoliberalism", it is worth noting that the majority of theoretical reflections have focused on the neoliberal component, placing the authoritarian component in a secondary position and simply identifying it with the excessive use of the repressive apparatus of the state. In the opposite direction runs the contribution of that author who, as can be proved, early coined the term "authoritarian neoliberalism": Hermann Heller. According to this German theorist of the state, the authoritarian component, although it involves the excessive use of force, highlights a problem that transcends liberalism and reaches all state forms, namely that of the reference to a set of principles and ideas by which the state sanctifies itself as an authority. In light of the aforementioned considerations, the aim of this paper is to shed light on the authoritarian character of the state as defined by Hermann Heller in his seminal work, "Authoritarian Liberalism?".
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