Sexual dimorphism and dietary divergence: An evolutionary perspective in anurans

Abstract

Sexual dietary divergence was detected in more than half of the anuran species analyzed and appears to have evolved independently multiple times across the phylogeny. Our global synthesis revealed that trophic differences between males and females are more strongly associated with ecological traits, including habitat use, activity period, and foraging strategy, than with sexual size dimorphism alone. These findings highlight the importance of ecological context in shaping sexspecific diets and provide a broad evolutionary framework for understanding sexual dimorphism in amphibians.