Inequidad en el consumo de gaseosas en Argentina: Análisis en base a los datos de las Encuestas Nacionales de Gastos de los Hogares (ENGHo) de los años 1996-1997, 2004-2005 y 2012- 2013
; Geri, Milva 
Otros responsables
Fecha
09/2020
Editorial
Nexus Medica Editores
Revista
Revista Española de Nutrición Comunitaria - Spanish Journal of Community Nutrition
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ISSN
1135-3074
eISSN
2171-9713
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Español
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Resumen
Fundamentos: El consumo de gaseosas se asocia positivamente al padecimiento de enfermedades cardiovasculares. Dicho consumo difiere entre países de distinto nivel de ingreso y entre individuos de distinto nivel socioeconómico. A pesar de gravar el consumo de estas bebidas, Argentina se ubica entre los países de mayor consumo de gaseosa per cápita, lo que motiva estudiar su distribución según región y nivel socioeconómico. Métodos: A partir de 3 encuestas nacionales de gastos de los hogares (1996-2013) se efectúan pruebas de diferencia de medias (test de Welch y Games-Howell al 5%) entre 12 sub-regiones del país y entre deciles de gasto per cápita para el consumo mensual de gaseosa por adulto equivalente. Asimismo, se verifica la presencia de inequidad a partir del cómputo del índice de concentración de Wagstaff. Resultados: Entre las provincias que conforman el noroeste argentino no se encuentran diferencias significativas en el consumo, pero sí entre ellas y las que conforman la Patagonia. Valores positivos del índice de concentración indican que no existe inequidad en el consumo de gaseosas. Conclusiones: Si bien no se verificó inequidad en el consumo en ningún período, la evolución decreciente del índice de concentración indicaría un aumento del consumo entre hogares más pobres.
Background: Carbonated beverage consumption is positively associated with cardiovascular disease. Such consumption differs between countries of different income levels and between individuals of different socioeconomic levels. Despite taxing the consumption of these drinks, Argentina is among the countries with the highest consumption of soda per capita, which motivates studying its distribution according to region and socioeconomic level. Methods: From 3 national surveys of household expenditures (1996-2013), mean difference tests (Welch and Games-Howell test at 5%) are carried out between 12 sub-regions of the country and between deciles of per capita spending for the monthly consumption of soda per equivalent adult. Likewise, the presence of inequity is checked from the computation of the Wagstaff concentration index. Results: Among the provinces that are part of the Argentine northwest, there are no significant differences in consumption, but there are differences between them and those that are part of Patagonia. Positive values of the concentration index indicate that there is no inequity in the consumption of carbonated beverage. Conclusions: Although there was no inequity in consumption in any period, the decreasing evolution of the concentration index would indicate an increase in consumption among poorer households.
Background: Carbonated beverage consumption is positively associated with cardiovascular disease. Such consumption differs between countries of different income levels and between individuals of different socioeconomic levels. Despite taxing the consumption of these drinks, Argentina is among the countries with the highest consumption of soda per capita, which motivates studying its distribution according to region and socioeconomic level. Methods: From 3 national surveys of household expenditures (1996-2013), mean difference tests (Welch and Games-Howell test at 5%) are carried out between 12 sub-regions of the country and between deciles of per capita spending for the monthly consumption of soda per equivalent adult. Likewise, the presence of inequity is checked from the computation of the Wagstaff concentration index. Results: Among the provinces that are part of the Argentine northwest, there are no significant differences in consumption, but there are differences between them and those that are part of Patagonia. Positive values of the concentration index indicate that there is no inequity in the consumption of carbonated beverage. Conclusions: Although there was no inequity in consumption in any period, the decreasing evolution of the concentration index would indicate an increase in consumption among poorer households.
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