Halogenated phenotiazine as photoantimicrobial agent against Staphylococcus aureus. Evaluation of the vehiculization in polymeric nanoparticles

Abstract

A thiazine derivative of AzB, the monoiodinated Azure B (AzBI), was designed, characterized, chemical and photochemically evaluated, and screened for antibacterial activity. The monoiodinated derivative showed better chemical and photochemical properties compared to the leading compound Azure B (AzB). Also, AzBI exhibited good antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) ATCC 29213 and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) ATCC 43300. The assayed compound represents a promising structure for the development of a new synthetic photosensitizer with improved properties and biological activity. Based on the results obtained for AzBI, this compound was loaded in the polymeric nanoparticles synthesized by our working group in order to improve some of its physicochemical properties. In this way, it was possible to successfully load the monoiodinated derivative and yield a promising drug transport system. The latter presented better characteristics and antimicrobial activity than AzBI against the different strains tested. All these results make AzBI an excellent candidate for application in photodynamic therapy.