Alteraciones del cálculo aritmético en lesionados cerebrales
; Leiva, Samanta Daniela ; Injoque Ricle, Irene 
Otros responsables
Fecha
11/2017
Editorial
Sociedad de Neuropsicología de Argentina
Revista
Revista Argentina de Neuropsicología
Título del libro
Nombre del evento
Fecha del evento
Institución organizadora
ISSN
1668-5415
eISSN
ISBN
Idioma
Español
Tipo del evento
Clasificación temática
Palabras clave
Resumen
Dentro del marco de la Neuropsicología Cognitiva se han formulado diferentesmodelos de procesamiento numérico. McCloskey, Caramazza y Basili (1985)proponen un modelo amplio que abarca los procesos de cálculo. Dehaene y Cohen(1997) plantean la existencia de una doble vía para la resolución de operacionesaritméticas simples: una implicada en sumas y multiplicaciones, y otra en lasrestas. Dentro de este marco y la metodología más pormenorizada que supone,realizamos un estudio de caso aislado de dos sujetos adultos lesionadoscerebrales, con alteraciones del lenguaje y del procesamiento numérico, con elobjeto de verificar la independencia e interacción de los componentesrelacionados con el cálculo aritmético postulados por los modelos citados, queinvolucran tres componentes: un mecanismo para procesar símbolos y palabrasoperacionales, otro para la recuperación de hechos aritméticos y un componenteligado a los procedimientos que implica la ejecución de los distintos tipos deoperaciones aritméticas. Nuestro interés se centró en investigar, a través depruebas ad hoc, si en los pacientes estudiados el reconocimiento de símbolos ypalabras operacionales se altera en forma selectiva respecto de la capacidad para realizar cálculos y/o de la recuperación de hechos aritméticos por una parte y, por la otra, observar diferencias de rendimiento ante las diferentes operaciones y modalidades de ejecución de cálculo. Por último, comparar el rendimiento entre los sujetos estudiados. Los resultados obtenidos muestran alteraciones disociadas de los componentes mencionados en cada uno de los sujetos y el hallazgo de una doble disociación entre ambos, que aporta sustento al modelo.
Within the theoretical framework of Cognitive Neuropsychology different numerical processing models have been formulated. McCloskey, Caramazza and Basili (1985) propose a broad model that comprises the calculation processes. Dehaene and Cohen (1997) consider the existence of a dual route for solving simple arithmetic operations: one involved in sums and multiplications, and another in the subtractions. Within this framework and the more detailed methodology involved, we conducted single-case studies of two brain injured adult patients, with impairments in language and numerical processing, in order to investigate the independence and interaction of the components related to the Arithmetic calculation models, involving three components: a mechanism for processing symbols and operational words, another for the recovery of arithmetic facts and a component linked to the procedures involved in the execution of the different types of arithmetic operations. Our interest was to see whether, in these patients, the recognition of symbols and operational words are selectively altered in relation to the ability to perform calculations and / or recovery of arithmetic facts on the one hand and, on the other hand, to observe differences in performance for different operations and calculation execution modalities. Finally, we compared the performance between the subjects. The results show dissociated alterations of the components mentioned in each of the subjects and a double dissociation between both. These findings provide evidence that supports the model.
Within the theoretical framework of Cognitive Neuropsychology different numerical processing models have been formulated. McCloskey, Caramazza and Basili (1985) propose a broad model that comprises the calculation processes. Dehaene and Cohen (1997) consider the existence of a dual route for solving simple arithmetic operations: one involved in sums and multiplications, and another in the subtractions. Within this framework and the more detailed methodology involved, we conducted single-case studies of two brain injured adult patients, with impairments in language and numerical processing, in order to investigate the independence and interaction of the components related to the Arithmetic calculation models, involving three components: a mechanism for processing symbols and operational words, another for the recovery of arithmetic facts and a component linked to the procedures involved in the execution of the different types of arithmetic operations. Our interest was to see whether, in these patients, the recognition of symbols and operational words are selectively altered in relation to the ability to perform calculations and / or recovery of arithmetic facts on the one hand and, on the other hand, to observe differences in performance for different operations and calculation execution modalities. Finally, we compared the performance between the subjects. The results show dissociated alterations of the components mentioned in each of the subjects and a double dissociation between both. These findings provide evidence that supports the model.
Colecciones
Aprobación
Revisión
Complementado por
Referenciado por
Licencia Creative Commons
Excepto donde se indique lo contrario, la licencia de este ítem se describe como by-nc-sa
