Gaitanismo y peronismo (re)significados: Hacia la construcción de un enfoque teórico-metodológico interdisciplinar

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04/2016
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Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco
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2250-5369
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El siguiente artículo recoge reflexiones teórico-metodológicas que se desprenden de una investigación doctoral finalizada recientemente. Allí se propuso analizar los modos en que una serie de narrativas resignificaron dos experiencias políticas, el gaitanismo en Colombia y el primer peronismo en Argentina durante la segunda mitad de siglo XX. El objeto de estudio no fue entonces, el gaitanismo o el peronismo como hechos acontecidos o la enunciación de Jorge Eliécer Gaitán y de Juan Domingo Perón, sino el proceso de conversión de dichas experiencias políticas en objetos históricos. La propuesta de investigación se desprendió de un marco teórico interdisciplinar que se nutrió de los aportes de dos perspectivas postfundacionalistas (Marchart 2009): la teoría de la hegemonía de Ernesto Laclau (1987; 2000; 2005) y la historia de los lenguajes políticos de Elías Palti (2005a; 2005b; 2007). En esta instancia de reflexión más acotada se exhibirá, una aproximación al proceso de construcción del objeto de estudio, el enfoque teórico interdisciplinar y el proceso de operacionalización de algunas categorías teórico-metodológicas. [Revista con referato e indexada en DOAJ e Infobase].
The following article shows theoretical reflections that come from a doctoral research, which was recently completed. We pretend to analyze the ways in which a series of narratives resignified two political experiences: the “gaitanismo” in Colombia and the first “peronismo” in Argentina during the second half of the twentieth century. The object of study was not then, the “gaitanismo” or the “peronismo” as occurred facts or the enunciations of Jorge Eliécer Gaitán and Juan Domingo Perón. Rather, our perspective focus on the conversion process of these experiences in historical objects. The research proposal emerges from an interdisciplinary framework that it feeds on the contributions of two post-foundational perspectives (Marchart 2009): the theory of the hegemony of Ernesto Laclau (1987; 2000; 2005) and the history of political languages of Elias Palti (2005a; 2005b; 2007). In this instance, of more restricted reflection, it will be exhibited an approach to the construction process of the object of study, as well as the interdisciplinary theoretical approach and the process of operationalization of some theoretical categories. Finally, the article picks up, as a conclusion, some research issues which tend to contribute, in general, to political discourse analysis and, more specifically, with studies on “the Violence(s)” and the populism.
The following article shows theoretical reflections that come from a doctoral research, which was recently completed. We pretend to analyze the ways in which a series of narratives resignified two political experiences: the “gaitanismo” in Colombia and the first “peronismo” in Argentina during the second half of the twentieth century. The object of study was not then, the “gaitanismo” or the “peronismo” as occurred facts or the enunciations of Jorge Eliécer Gaitán and Juan Domingo Perón. Rather, our perspective focus on the conversion process of these experiences in historical objects. The research proposal emerges from an interdisciplinary framework that it feeds on the contributions of two post-foundational perspectives (Marchart 2009): the theory of the hegemony of Ernesto Laclau (1987; 2000; 2005) and the history of political languages of Elias Palti (2005a; 2005b; 2007). In this instance, of more restricted reflection, it will be exhibited an approach to the construction process of the object of study, as well as the interdisciplinary theoretical approach and the process of operationalization of some theoretical categories. Finally, the article picks up, as a conclusion, some research issues which tend to contribute, in general, to political discourse analysis and, more specifically, with studies on “the Violence(s)” and the populism.
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