Fruit and Vegetable Beverages Fermented with Probiotic Strains: Impact on the Content, Bioaccessibility, and Bioavailability of Phenolic Compounds and the Antioxidant Capacity

Abstract

Purpose of Review Fruit and vegetable beverages containing probiotics, such as lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are emergingas dairy product alternatives. LAB fermentation can metabolize phenolic compounds reducing their content and bioaccessibility.However, probiotic enzymes may also release phenolic compounds from the food matrix structure, enhancing theirextractability and positively impacting their bioaccessibility, bioavailability, and antioxidant properties.Recent Findings This review highlights a clear trend: when phenolic compound content increases during fermentation, bioaccessibilityand bioavailability improve accordingly. Interestingly, even when fermentation reduces the phenolic compoundcontent, bioaccessibility often remains elevated due to increased digestive extractability facilitated by probiotic metabolization.Additionally, phenolic compound-derived secondary metabolites synthesized during fermentation may enhance theantioxidant capacity of beverages.Summary Fruit and vegetable beverages fermented with probiotics offer a promising strategy to enhance their functionalproperties. Future research should explore the complex interactions between phenolic compounds and probiotics duringfermentation and in vivo bioavailability studies.