Tadeo Haenke: Primer naturalista del Virreinato del Río de la Plata
; Alonso, Ricardo Narciso 
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Fecha
06/2018
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Academia Nacional de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales
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Anales de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales de Buenos Aires
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0365-1185
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En este trabajo se dan a conocer las importantes observaciones realizadas en el Virreinato del Río de La Plata por Thaddaeus Peregrinus Xaverius Haenke, naturalista de la Expedición de Malaspina que se afincó en estas tierras después de varios años de recorrer el mundo en las postrimerías del Siglo XVIII. Si bien hay una profusa literatura sobre este naturalista, donde se destacan diferentes aspectos de sus contribuciones, no existía una evaluación desde el campo de la geología. En aquellos tiempos la Historia Natural, abarcaba una amplia y extensa serie de disciplinas, hoy independientes, dentro de las cuales estaba la Mineralogía. Por ello sus observaciones en esta disciplina abarcaron un amplio campo de las Ciencias de la Tierra en su concepto actual. Para poder comprender sus aportes se realizará una breve reseña de su formación académica, de las inquietudes que se discutían en las academias donde estudió y de su azarosa vida de naturalista. Sus contribuciones tienen un fuerte vínculo con Buenos Aires, en su mayor medida por ser la sede del virreinato, y por ser donde se las dieron a conocer en numerosas entregas publicadas en el Telégrafo Mercantil, primer periódico de Buenos Aires. El análisis de estas contribuciones y otras posteriores, destaca la sólida formación académica de Haenke, su espíritu de explorador y la justicia de quienes lo consideraron un antecesor de Alexander von Humboldt en estas tierras. Como objetivo final se valoran sus acertadas observaciones y se rescata su memoria que ha trascendido escasamente en el campo de la geología.
In this work we present the important observations made in the Viceroyalty of the Rio de La Plata by Thaddaeus Peregrinus Xaverius Haenke, naturalist of the Malaspina Expedition who settled in these lands after several years of traveling the world in the last years of the XVIII century. While there is a profuse literature on this naturalist, which highlights different aspects of their contributions, there was no evaluation from the field of geology. In those times the Natural History, included a wide and extensive series of disciplines, today independent, and within which Mineralogy was. Therefore, his observations within this discipline covered a broad field of Earth Sciences in its current concept. In order to understand his contributions, a brief review of his academic background will be made, of the concerns that were discussed in the academies where he studied, and of his hazardous life as a naturalist. His contributions have a strong link with Buenos Aires, to a greater extent because it was the seat of the viceroyalty, where they were made known in numerous articles published in the Telégrafo Mercantil, the first newspaper of Buenos Aires. The analysis of these contributions and subsequent ones highlights the solid academic training of Haenke, his spirit of explorer, and the justice of those who considered him an ancestor of Alexander von Humboldt in these lands. The final objective is to value his accurate observations and rescue his memory, which has transcended scarcely in the field of geology.
In this work we present the important observations made in the Viceroyalty of the Rio de La Plata by Thaddaeus Peregrinus Xaverius Haenke, naturalist of the Malaspina Expedition who settled in these lands after several years of traveling the world in the last years of the XVIII century. While there is a profuse literature on this naturalist, which highlights different aspects of their contributions, there was no evaluation from the field of geology. In those times the Natural History, included a wide and extensive series of disciplines, today independent, and within which Mineralogy was. Therefore, his observations within this discipline covered a broad field of Earth Sciences in its current concept. In order to understand his contributions, a brief review of his academic background will be made, of the concerns that were discussed in the academies where he studied, and of his hazardous life as a naturalist. His contributions have a strong link with Buenos Aires, to a greater extent because it was the seat of the viceroyalty, where they were made known in numerous articles published in the Telégrafo Mercantil, the first newspaper of Buenos Aires. The analysis of these contributions and subsequent ones highlights the solid academic training of Haenke, his spirit of explorer, and the justice of those who considered him an ancestor of Alexander von Humboldt in these lands. The final objective is to value his accurate observations and rescue his memory, which has transcended scarcely in the field of geology.
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