El republicanismo entre la libertad y el miedo: un contrapunto entre Hannah Arendt y Judith Nisse Shklar

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08/2023
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Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades
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Pescadora de Perlas
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2953-4410
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El siguiente artículo analiza los usos de la libertad y del miedo en una selección de textos de Hannah Arendt y Judith Shklar. El objetivo de esta indagación es interpelar al republicanismo a partir de dos pasiones que le son igualmente constitutivas: el amor por vivir libremente y el miedo a perder esa independencia en manos de un poder arbitrario y violento. Desde este enfoque, los núcleos estructurantes, y a la vez problemáticos, del republicanismo no son las razones o virtudes públicas sino las emociones que legitiman el sentirse personal y políticamente libre.¿Por qué establecer un contrapunto entre Arendty Shklar? Más allá de las convergencias biográficas y las divergencias interpretativas de la historia del pensamiento político, el republicanismo de Arendt se despliega en su complejidad a partir de este contraste con Shklar, cuyas concepciones de la libertad y de las emociones e instituciones políticas tensionan al liberalismo, tradición con la que se la suele identificar.El argumento se desarrolla en tres momentos. En primer lugar, se comparan las posiciones de Hannah Arendt y Judith Shklar respecto de la libertad. Luego, se analiza el uso que cada una de estas autoras hace del miedo como pasión política. Finalmente, se abordan las implicancias de las reflexiones de Arendt y Shklar sobre la libertad y el miedo para la tradición republicana y las democracias liberales contemporáneas.
The following article analyzes the uses of freedom and fear in a selection of texts written by Hannah Arendt and Judith Shklar. The aim is to question republicanism on the basis of two passions that equally constitute it: the love of living freely and the fear of losing this independence to an arbitrary and violent power. From this approach, the structuring and problematic cores of republicanism are not the reasons or public virtues but the emotions that legitimize feeling personally and politically free. Why establish a counterpoint between Arendt and Shklar? Beyond the biographical convergences and interpretative divergences in the history of political thought, Arendt's republicanism unfolds in its complexity from a contrast with Shklar, whose conceptions of freedom and of political emotions and institutions put a strain on liberalism, a tradition to which she is often related. The argument is developed in three moments. The first section analyzes the positions of Hannah Arendt and Judith Shklar on freedom are compared. The second focuses on the use that each of these authors makes of fear as a political passion. The final section addresses the implications of Arendt's and Shklar's reflections on freedom and fear for the republican tradition and contemporary liberal democracies.
The following article analyzes the uses of freedom and fear in a selection of texts written by Hannah Arendt and Judith Shklar. The aim is to question republicanism on the basis of two passions that equally constitute it: the love of living freely and the fear of losing this independence to an arbitrary and violent power. From this approach, the structuring and problematic cores of republicanism are not the reasons or public virtues but the emotions that legitimize feeling personally and politically free. Why establish a counterpoint between Arendt and Shklar? Beyond the biographical convergences and interpretative divergences in the history of political thought, Arendt's republicanism unfolds in its complexity from a contrast with Shklar, whose conceptions of freedom and of political emotions and institutions put a strain on liberalism, a tradition to which she is often related. The argument is developed in three moments. The first section analyzes the positions of Hannah Arendt and Judith Shklar on freedom are compared. The second focuses on the use that each of these authors makes of fear as a political passion. The final section addresses the implications of Arendt's and Shklar's reflections on freedom and fear for the republican tradition and contemporary liberal democracies.
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