Tecnología lítica en el oriente catamarqueño: El caso de la Sierra de El Alto-Ancasti. Instrumentos y contextos sociales en el primer milenio de la era
; Clauss, Samira ; Moreno, Enrique Alejandro 
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Fecha
05/2024
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Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano
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Cuadernos del Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano: Series especiales
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2362-1958
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Hasta hace no mucho tiempo, las tierras bajas orientales del Noroeste argentino fueron descritas como áreas con un bajo desarrollo cultural. Sin embargo, esta caracterización se fue modificando en los últimos años a partir del conocimiento generado por diversas investigaciones en estos ambientes. En la Sierra de El Alto-Ancasti, al este de Catamarca, identificamos múltiples formas de habitar el paisaje. En particular, en la localidad de Oyola, en un paisaje de yunga, pudimos caracterizar distintas modalidades de ocupación sincrónica: una cueva con arte rupestre, un conjunto de campamentos transitorios y una unidad doméstica. Hasta el momento, los estudios tecnológicos líticos no formaban parte de la interpretación de estas ocupaciones. Es por ello que, en este trabajo, el objetivo es ampliar el conocimiento acerca de la manera en que estas poblaciones utilizaron la tecnología lítica tallada, evaluar las semejanzas y diferencias alrededor de estas formas de ocupar el territorio y profundizar la información sobre las sociedades que habitaron en ambientes similares en el Noroeste Argentino. El análisis tecno-morfológico y morfológico-funcional de los conjuntos líticos de tres sitios nos permitió ver que los artefactos participaron en una diversidad de prácticas cotidianas (culinarias, preparación de herramientas, artesanales, etc.) implicadas en la reproducción material y social del grupo. Además, identificamos relaciones significativas entre los resultados de los análisis de la tecnología lítica y las características de los sitios arqueológicos analizados.
Not too long ago, the eastern lowlands of Northwest Argentina were described as areas with low cultural development. However, this characterization has been changing in recent years based on the knowledge generated by various research efforts in these environments. In the Sierra de El Alto-Ancasti, east of Catamarca, we have identified multiple ways of inhabiting the landscape. In particular, in the town of Oyola, in a yunga landscape, we were able to characterize different modalities of synchronous occupation: a cave with rock art, a set of transient camps, and a domestic unit. Until now, lithic technological studies were not part of the interpretation of these occupations. Therefore, the aim of this work is to expand our understanding of how these populations used knapped lithic technology, evaluate the similarities and differences around these forms of territorial occupation, and deepen the information about the populations that inhabited similar environments in Northwest Argentina. The techno-morphological and functional-morphological analysis of lithic assemblages from three sites allowed us to see that these artifacts were involved in a variety of daily practices (culinary, tool preparation, craftsmanship, etc.) related to the material and social reproduction of the group. Additionally, we identified significant relationships between the results of lithic technology analysis and the characteristics of the analyzed archaeological sites.
Not too long ago, the eastern lowlands of Northwest Argentina were described as areas with low cultural development. However, this characterization has been changing in recent years based on the knowledge generated by various research efforts in these environments. In the Sierra de El Alto-Ancasti, east of Catamarca, we have identified multiple ways of inhabiting the landscape. In particular, in the town of Oyola, in a yunga landscape, we were able to characterize different modalities of synchronous occupation: a cave with rock art, a set of transient camps, and a domestic unit. Until now, lithic technological studies were not part of the interpretation of these occupations. Therefore, the aim of this work is to expand our understanding of how these populations used knapped lithic technology, evaluate the similarities and differences around these forms of territorial occupation, and deepen the information about the populations that inhabited similar environments in Northwest Argentina. The techno-morphological and functional-morphological analysis of lithic assemblages from three sites allowed us to see that these artifacts were involved in a variety of daily practices (culinary, tool preparation, craftsmanship, etc.) related to the material and social reproduction of the group. Additionally, we identified significant relationships between the results of lithic technology analysis and the characteristics of the analyzed archaeological sites.
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