Las medusas de los balnearios de la provincia de Buenos Aires
; Puente Tapia, Francisco Alejandro
; Dutto, María Sofía
; Schiariti, Agustin 
Otros responsables
Fecha
09/2020
Editorial
Asociación Toxicológica Argentina
Revista
Acta Toxicológica Argentina
Título del libro
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Fecha del evento
Institución organizadora
ISSN
1851-3743
eISSN
1851-3743
ISBN
Idioma
Español
Tipo del evento
Clasificación temática
Resumen
Las medusas son organismos mayoritariamente marinos pertenecientes al grupo de los cnidarios, los cuales se caracterizan por presentar células urticantes especializadas, los cnidocitos. Si bien, todas las medusas son potencialmente venenosas y el grado de toxicidad depende de la especie, sus efectos sobre los humanos varían desde reacciones locales leves hasta reacciones atópicas-anafilácticas graves, llegando incluso a la muerte de la víctima. Mundialmente se conocen numerosas especies de medusas causantes de envenenamiento a humanos, tales como la avispa de mar (Chironex fleckeri), el sifonóforo carabela portuguesa (Physalia physalis) o el hidrocoral de fuego (Millepora spp.). En Argentina, tres especies de medusas revisten de importancia clínica epidemiológica debido a su poder urticante: las hidromedusas Liriope tetraphylla y Olindias sambaquiensis, así como la escifomedusa Chrysaora lactea. Estas especies presentan sus mayores abundancias en el verano en las costas bonaerenses, coincidiendo con la presencia de turistas durante el periodo vacacional. Sus afectaciones varían de leves a moderadas, registrándose desde parestesias y ardor con dermatitis, prurito, edemas y eritemas. Una infinidad de "remedios caseros" se conocen para remediar los efectos de las picaduras de medusas, sin embargo, la mayoría han resultado ineficaces y perjudiciales. Lo más recomendable es evitar frotar y lavar la zona afectada con agua dulce o aplicar hielo para tratar de contrarrestar el ardor y acudir lo antes posible al centro de salud más cercano.
Medusae are mainly a marine group belonged to cnidarians, which are characterized by specialized stinging cells, cnidocyts. Although all medusae are potentially poisonous, their toxicity depends on the species and the effects on humans varying from mild local reactions to severe atopic-anaphylactic reactions, even the death of the victim. Numerous species of cnidarians are known worldwide to affect humans, such as the sea wasp (Chironex fleckeri), the siphonophore portuguese man-of-war (Physalia physalis) or the fire-coral (Millepora spp.). In Argentina, three species of medusae are known with clinical epidemiological importance due to their stinging power: the hydromedusae Liriopetetraphylla and Olindias sambaquiensis, as well as the scyphomedusae Chrysaora lactea. These species have their highest abundances in the summer on Buenos Aires coasts, coinciding with the presence of tourists during the summer vacations. Its affectations vary from mild to moderate, registering from paresthesias and burning with dermatitis, itching, edemas, and erythema. An infinity of “home remedies” are known formedusae stings, however, most of them have proven ineffective and harmful. It is best to avoid rubbing and washing the affected area with fresh water or applying ice to try to counteract the burning in the region and to go the health center as soon as possible.
Medusae are mainly a marine group belonged to cnidarians, which are characterized by specialized stinging cells, cnidocyts. Although all medusae are potentially poisonous, their toxicity depends on the species and the effects on humans varying from mild local reactions to severe atopic-anaphylactic reactions, even the death of the victim. Numerous species of cnidarians are known worldwide to affect humans, such as the sea wasp (Chironex fleckeri), the siphonophore portuguese man-of-war (Physalia physalis) or the fire-coral (Millepora spp.). In Argentina, three species of medusae are known with clinical epidemiological importance due to their stinging power: the hydromedusae Liriopetetraphylla and Olindias sambaquiensis, as well as the scyphomedusae Chrysaora lactea. These species have their highest abundances in the summer on Buenos Aires coasts, coinciding with the presence of tourists during the summer vacations. Its affectations vary from mild to moderate, registering from paresthesias and burning with dermatitis, itching, edemas, and erythema. An infinity of “home remedies” are known formedusae stings, however, most of them have proven ineffective and harmful. It is best to avoid rubbing and washing the affected area with fresh water or applying ice to try to counteract the burning in the region and to go the health center as soon as possible.
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