Primarias abiertas y doble vuelta electoral: análisis de su aplicación concurrente en los comicios presidenciales del Uruguay

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Fecha
12/2010
Editorial
Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas
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Documentos y Aportes en Administración Pública y Gestion Estatal
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1666-4124
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En este trabajo se evalúan los efectos de la aplicación concurrente de dos instrumentos institucionales –internas o primarias abiertas y sistema de doble vuelta electoral o con balotaje– sugeridos durante las últimas reformas políticas latinoamericanas. La temática es relevante ya que ambos mecanismos comparten objetivos similares que pueden reducirse a lo siguiente: dotar de más herramientas de discernimiento político a los ciudadanos, proveer de mejores condiciones democráticas a los partidos, e incrementar la base de sustentación electoral y la legitimidad del Presidente. Aquí se inquiere acerca del caso de la República Oriental del Uruguay, donde los dos instrumentos de ingeniería institucional se adoptaron formalmente –en el contexto de la reforma constitucional de 1996– y fueron implementados en tres oportunidades (en 1999, 2004, 2009). Luego, se comparan los resultados con el objeto de constatar la evolución de la implementación consecutiva de estas normativas y de sus efectos sobre el funcionamiento democrático.
Open primary elections and majority run off system. Analysis of its concurrent application in presidential elections in Uruguay This paper will evaluate the effects of the concurrent application of two institutional instruments –open primary elections and majority runoff system– suggested during the last political reforms in Latin America. The topic is relevant since both share similar objectives that are, in brief: to give citizens additional tools for political discernment, to provide parties with better democratic conditions, to legitimate the medium voter candidate, and to increase the electoral base and democratic legitimacy of the President. Here we inquire about the case of Uruguay, where both instruments have been formally adopted –in the context of the 1996 constitutional reform– and have been implemented three times (in 1999, 2004 and 2009). Afterwards, we compare the results to ascertain the evolution of the consecutive implementation of these norms and their effects on democratic functioning.
Open primary elections and majority run off system. Analysis of its concurrent application in presidential elections in Uruguay This paper will evaluate the effects of the concurrent application of two institutional instruments –open primary elections and majority runoff system– suggested during the last political reforms in Latin America. The topic is relevant since both share similar objectives that are, in brief: to give citizens additional tools for political discernment, to provide parties with better democratic conditions, to legitimate the medium voter candidate, and to increase the electoral base and democratic legitimacy of the President. Here we inquire about the case of Uruguay, where both instruments have been formally adopted –in the context of the 1996 constitutional reform– and have been implemented three times (in 1999, 2004 and 2009). Afterwards, we compare the results to ascertain the evolution of the consecutive implementation of these norms and their effects on democratic functioning.
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