Los guardianes silenciosos de la Quebrada de Humahuaca: etnobotánica del “cardón” (Trichocereus atacamensis, Cactaceae) entre pobladores originarios en el Departamento Tilcara, Jujuy, Argentina
; Suarez, Maria Eugenia 
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Fecha
05/2018
Editorial
Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste
Revista
Bonplandia
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1853-8460
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Español
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Resumen
El “cardón”, Trichocereus atacamensis es una especie emblemática en la Quebrada de Humahuaca. Si bien hay datos dispersos en la literatura, hasta hoy su etnobotánica no ha sido foco de investigaciones. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue realizar un estudio etnobotánico integral sobre Trichocereus atacamensis en el departamento Tilcara (Jujuy, Argentina), con pobladores kollas, para dar luz sobre las complejas interrelaciones entre este grupo humano y los “cardones”. La información reunida incluye narrativas, usos, saberes sobre la morfología, cualidades, distribución ecológica y fenología, detalles del rol de estos cactus en la zona y otros aspectos relacionados a los vínculos de la gente con estas plantas. Los resultados sugieren que el estado fitosanitario de los “cardones” y de la zona de estudio es preocupante. Se concluye que los lazos con el “cardón” son estrechos, acordes a pautas y concepciones culturales tradicionales, y que se mantienen con fuerza a pesar de los cambios socioambientales acaecidos; además, urge pensar estrategias para conocer mejor la situación sanitaria de los “cardones” y su hábitat y resguardar así los vínculos y saberes vernáculos asociados a ellos.
The “cardón”, Trichocereus atacamensis, is an emblematic species in the Quebrada de Humahuaca (Jujuy, Argentina). However, although data can be found scattered throughout the literature, its ethnobotany has never been studied in depth. The aim of the present paper is to conduct a comprehensive ethnobotanical study of T. atacamensis in the Department of Tilcara (Jujuy, Argentina), among members of the Kolla people, to shed light on the complex interrelations between this human group and the “cardón”. The information collected includes narratives, uses, knowledge of the morphology, qualities, ecological and phenological distribution, details of the role of these cacti in the area and other aspects on the relationship between the plants and the people. Results suggest that the phytosanitary state of both the “cardones” and the study area is of concern, and that the very close links with the “cardón”, in accordance with traditional cultural patterns and conceptions, are fiercely maintained despite the socioenvironmental changes. This study also highlights the pressing need to devise strategies to gain a better insight into the phytosanitary state of the “cardones” and their habitat, and thus safeguard local relations and knowledge associated with them.
The “cardón”, Trichocereus atacamensis, is an emblematic species in the Quebrada de Humahuaca (Jujuy, Argentina). However, although data can be found scattered throughout the literature, its ethnobotany has never been studied in depth. The aim of the present paper is to conduct a comprehensive ethnobotanical study of T. atacamensis in the Department of Tilcara (Jujuy, Argentina), among members of the Kolla people, to shed light on the complex interrelations between this human group and the “cardón”. The information collected includes narratives, uses, knowledge of the morphology, qualities, ecological and phenological distribution, details of the role of these cacti in the area and other aspects on the relationship between the plants and the people. Results suggest that the phytosanitary state of both the “cardones” and the study area is of concern, and that the very close links with the “cardón”, in accordance with traditional cultural patterns and conceptions, are fiercely maintained despite the socioenvironmental changes. This study also highlights the pressing need to devise strategies to gain a better insight into the phytosanitary state of the “cardones” and their habitat, and thus safeguard local relations and knowledge associated with them.
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