Tramas disidentes en Chiapas (1970-1980): Movimientos populares, campesinos e indígenas frente a la violencia de Estado

Otros responsables
Fecha
03/2026
Editorial
Instituto de Desarrollo Económico y Social. Núcleo de Estudios sobre Memoria
Revista
Clepsidra
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eISSN
2362-2075
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Español
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Resumen
El período comprendido entre las décadas de 1960 y 1990 en México se caracterizó por el ejercicio sistemático de la violencia de Estado contra las disidencias políticas y sociales. La movilización estudiantil de 1968 en Ciudad de México visibilizó masivamente el accionar represivo del régimen del PRI, cuyas graves vulneraciones a los derechos humanos persistieron incluso tras el anuncio de una apertura democrática. En el estado de Chiapas, las organizaciones campesinas e indígenas que proliferaban durante las décadas de 1970 y 1980 estuvieron entre las más afectadas, fueron blanco de detenciones arbitrarias, torturas y desapariciones forzadas. La desmovilización, el quiebre de lazos sociales y la desubjetivación política fueron algunos de los objetivos centrales en el uso del terror. Por ello, una tarea que resulta clave en las investigaciones sobre este período es la de recuperar y visibilizar la agencia política de las víctimas. Con este propósito, a partir de los testimonios presentados recientemente en el “Diálogo por la Verdad” en Chiapas (2023), así como del análisis bibliográfico y documental, en este artículo identifico y describo algunos espacios de encuentro y articulaciones entre las disidencias campesinas e indígenas y las diversas luchas que conformaron los movimientos populares de la época.
The period between the 1960s and 1990s in Mexico was marked by systematic state violence against political and social dissidence. The 1968 student mobilization in Mexico City brought massive public attention to the repressive actions of the PRI regime, whose grave human rights violations continued even after the announcement of a democratic opening. In the state of Chiapas, peasant and Indigenous organizations –proliferating throughout the 1970s and 1980s– were among the most affected, subjected to arbitrary detentions, torture, and forced disappearances. Demobilization, the rupture of social bonds, and political de-subjectivation were central aims in the deployment of terror. Therefore, a key task in research on this period is to recover and make visible the political agency of the victims. With this aim, and drawing on the testimonies recently presented during the Dialogue for Truth held in Chiapas (2023), as well as on bibliographic and documentary analysis, this article identifies and describes key spaces of encounter and articulation between peasant and Indigenous dissidence and the various struggles that made up the popular movements of the time.
The period between the 1960s and 1990s in Mexico was marked by systematic state violence against political and social dissidence. The 1968 student mobilization in Mexico City brought massive public attention to the repressive actions of the PRI regime, whose grave human rights violations continued even after the announcement of a democratic opening. In the state of Chiapas, peasant and Indigenous organizations –proliferating throughout the 1970s and 1980s– were among the most affected, subjected to arbitrary detentions, torture, and forced disappearances. Demobilization, the rupture of social bonds, and political de-subjectivation were central aims in the deployment of terror. Therefore, a key task in research on this period is to recover and make visible the political agency of the victims. With this aim, and drawing on the testimonies recently presented during the Dialogue for Truth held in Chiapas (2023), as well as on bibliographic and documentary analysis, this article identifies and describes key spaces of encounter and articulation between peasant and Indigenous dissidence and the various struggles that made up the popular movements of the time.
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