La dimensión subjetiva de la precariedad laboral en el servicio de reparto: una comparación entre los trabajadores de cadeterías y los de plataformas digitales en Santiago del Estero (2020-2023)

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Fecha
03/2025
Editorial
Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Grupo de Estudios Sociales Marítimos
Revista
Revista de Estudios Marítimos y Sociales
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2545-6237
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Español
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Resumen
Este artículo se centra en indagar sobre el servicio de cadetería y reparto, un sector con una demanda creciente en los últimos años tanto a nivel global, regional y local. El objetivo es analizar una dimensión subjetiva de la precariedad laboral, contemplando la satisfacción/insatisfacción respecto a la tarea, el espacio de trabajo y las relaciones sociales (autoridades, compañeros, clientes), de quienes trabajan en este servicio, sea que lo hagan mediante agencias tradicionales o aplicaciones digitales. El acercamiento a los trabajadores se realizó mediante la técnica de observación participante durante varias jornadas laborales, incluyendo charlas informales con ellos y entrevistas a informantes clave que se hayan desempeñado en este servicio. Entre los resultados, se destaca la desprotección que sufren los trabajadores del servicio, particularmente la falta de estabilidad laboral como un rasgo de insatisfacción. Además, se observan relaciones de solidaridad entre los trabajadores de una misma empresa. Por otro lado, se identifican diferencias entre los agentes de cadetería y los repartidores de plataformas, específicamente en cuanto a sus características sociodemográficas, las formas de “ingresar” en la empresa de cadetería o aplicación digital, las condiciones de trabajo en las mismas, el lugar físico de trabajo, las relaciones con sus “jefes” o superiores.
This article focuses on the courier and delivery service, a sector with a growing demand in recent years at global, regional and local scale, which is largely carried out on the streets. The goal is to analyze a subjective dimension of labor precariousness, contemplating satisfaction/dissatisfaction with respect to the task, the work space and social relations (authorities, colleagues, clients) of those who work in the courier or delivery service, whether they do it through traditional agencies or digital applications. The study was carried out by means of participant observation of workers during several workdays, and included informal conversations with them and interviews with key informants who had worked in this service. Among the results, we highlight the lack of protection that the workers suffer from, regardless of the different modalities, particularly the lack of job stability expressed as a source of dissatisfaction. Also, solidarity relationships between workers of the same company were oberved. On the other hand, differences are identified between courier agents and platform delivery workers, specifically in terms of their sociodemographic characteristics, the ways of "entering" the courier company or digital application, the working conditions in them, the actual workplace, and the relationships with their "bosses" or superiors.
This article focuses on the courier and delivery service, a sector with a growing demand in recent years at global, regional and local scale, which is largely carried out on the streets. The goal is to analyze a subjective dimension of labor precariousness, contemplating satisfaction/dissatisfaction with respect to the task, the work space and social relations (authorities, colleagues, clients) of those who work in the courier or delivery service, whether they do it through traditional agencies or digital applications. The study was carried out by means of participant observation of workers during several workdays, and included informal conversations with them and interviews with key informants who had worked in this service. Among the results, we highlight the lack of protection that the workers suffer from, regardless of the different modalities, particularly the lack of job stability expressed as a source of dissatisfaction. Also, solidarity relationships between workers of the same company were oberved. On the other hand, differences are identified between courier agents and platform delivery workers, specifically in terms of their sociodemographic characteristics, the ways of "entering" the courier company or digital application, the working conditions in them, the actual workplace, and the relationships with their "bosses" or superiors.
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