Actividad nocturna de Artibeus planirostris y A. lituratus (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae), durante dos fases lunares en una localidad de los Andes Venezolanos
; Muñoz Romo, Mariana Otros responsables
Fecha
12/2022
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Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
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Revista Mexicana de Mastozoología
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2007-4484
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El estudio de la fase activa de los animales permite describir sus patrones de actividad. Se ha propuesto que las diferencias entre estos patrones posibilitan la coexistencia de especies ecológicamente similares, al reducir la competencia. La luz lunar ha sido postulada como uno de los factores ambientales que afecta los patrones de actividad en organismos nocturnos. La actividad de los murciélagos frugívoros Artibeus pla-nirostris y A. lituratus fue estudiada a través de capturas durante periodos de luminosidad lunar contrastantes, en un parche de bosque secundario en Mérida, Venezuela. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar si la actividad nocturna es afectada por la luz lunar al describir y comparar el patrón de actividad de estas especies. Al ser especies ecológicamente similares, se podría esperar patrones de actividad distintos que posibilitarían su coexistencia. No se encontraron diferencias en la actividad de los murciélagos, y en general se capturaron individuos de ambas especies durante toda la noche. Sin embargo, es notable que en noches oscuras (luna nueva), A. planirostris tienda a ser más activo antes de medianoche y A. lituratus después de medianoche. La actividad estaría afectada por la luz lunar, ya que: (1) fueron capturados más individuos en noches oscuras que en noches luminosas y (2) esta actividad se inició una hora más tarde al anochecer y se restringió hasta la medianoche durante luna llena. Nuestras observaciones sugieren que, en las condiciones estudiadas, especies con perfiles ecológicos similares tienden a diferir en sus patrones de actividad, pero es in-dispensable estudiar detalladamente sus dietas para concluir sobre mecanismos particulares de disminución de competencia.
The study of the active phase of animals allows us to describe their activity patterns. It has been postulated that differences between these patterns lead to the coexistence of ecologically similar species, by reducing competition. Moonlight has been postulated as one of the environmental factors that affects the activity patterns in nocturnal organisms. The activity of the frugivorous bats Artibeus planirostris and A. lituratus was studied based on captures during periods of contrasting moonlight intensity in a secondary forest patch in Mérida, Venezuela. The goal of this study was to determine whether nocturnal activity was affected by moonlight by describing and comparing the activity patterns of these bats. Since they are ecologically similar species, it would be expected to find different activity patterns that would allow them to coexist. No differences were found in bats’ activity, and overall individuals of both species were captured throughout the night. However, A. planirostris tends to be more active before midnight, and A. lituratus after midnight, during dark nights (new moon). Bats’ activity would be affected by moonlight because: (1) more individuals were captured on dark nights than on bright nights, and (2) this activity began an hour later at dusk and was restricted until midnight during full moon. Our observations suggest that, under the studied conditions, species with similar ecological profiles tend to differ in their activity patterns, but a detailed study of their diet is essential to conclude on specific mechanisms to reduce competition.
The study of the active phase of animals allows us to describe their activity patterns. It has been postulated that differences between these patterns lead to the coexistence of ecologically similar species, by reducing competition. Moonlight has been postulated as one of the environmental factors that affects the activity patterns in nocturnal organisms. The activity of the frugivorous bats Artibeus planirostris and A. lituratus was studied based on captures during periods of contrasting moonlight intensity in a secondary forest patch in Mérida, Venezuela. The goal of this study was to determine whether nocturnal activity was affected by moonlight by describing and comparing the activity patterns of these bats. Since they are ecologically similar species, it would be expected to find different activity patterns that would allow them to coexist. No differences were found in bats’ activity, and overall individuals of both species were captured throughout the night. However, A. planirostris tends to be more active before midnight, and A. lituratus after midnight, during dark nights (new moon). Bats’ activity would be affected by moonlight because: (1) more individuals were captured on dark nights than on bright nights, and (2) this activity began an hour later at dusk and was restricted until midnight during full moon. Our observations suggest that, under the studied conditions, species with similar ecological profiles tend to differ in their activity patterns, but a detailed study of their diet is essential to conclude on specific mechanisms to reduce competition.
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