Estimación de la huella hídrica de una cervecería artesanal de la ciudad de Salta: hacia un uso eficiente del agua
; Murillo, María Antonella ; Gutiérrez Cacciabue, Dolores 
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Fecha
12/2024
Editorial
Consejo de Decanos de Ingeniería del NOA
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Investigaciones en Facultades de Ingeniería del NOA
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1853-6662
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Resumen
El auge por la cerveza artesanal incrementó debido al interés de la población en consumir productos diferentes. Sin embargo, se desconoce su impacto ambiental y uso del agua. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron: conocer el consumo de cerveza, evaluar la percepción de los consumidores respecto al impacto ambiental y estimar la huella hídrica total (HHtotal) de una cerveza artesanal. Se realizó una encuesta a los habitantes de Salta. Luego, se estudió el proceso de una cervecería artesanal. Se determinó la HHtotal como la suma de un aporte directo (azul y gris) e indirecto. Un 76% de los encuestados indicó que consume cerveza, siendo la artesanal la más elegida (56%). El 45% desconoce su impacto, pero un 72% optaría por una eco-amigable. En términos de HH, se necesitan 11 litros de agua para producir 1 litro de cerveza artesanal. El 72% del aporte fue indirecto; dentro del directo, la HH gris (13%) fue relevante en el macerado y cocción y la HH azul en el envasado. La producción de cerveza artesanal mostró que utiliza más agua que la contenida en el producto. Esta información permitirá pensar en un uso más responsable del recurso, implementando acciones tendientes a una producción sustentable.
The rise of craft beer has increased due to the population's interest in consuming different products. However, its environmental impact and water use remain unknown. The aims of this study were to assess beer consumption, evaluate consumer perceptions regarding environmental impact, and estimate the total water footprint (HHtotal) of a craft beer. A survey was conducted among the inhabitants of Salta. Then, the brewing process of a craft brewery was analyzed. The HHtotal was determined as the sum of direct (blue and grey) and indirect contributions. Seventy-six percent of people indicated that they consume beer, being craft beer the most preferred (56%). Forty-five percent were unaware of its impact, but 72% would choose for an eco-friendly option. In water footprint terms, 11 liters of water are required to produce 1 liter of craft beer. Seventy-two percent of the contribution was indirect; within the direct contribution the grey one (13%) was significant in mashing and boiling stages, while blue was relevant in packaging process. The study revealed that craft beer production uses more water than what those contained in the product. This information will be useful in promoting a more responsible use of water by implementing actions towards a sustainable production.
The rise of craft beer has increased due to the population's interest in consuming different products. However, its environmental impact and water use remain unknown. The aims of this study were to assess beer consumption, evaluate consumer perceptions regarding environmental impact, and estimate the total water footprint (HHtotal) of a craft beer. A survey was conducted among the inhabitants of Salta. Then, the brewing process of a craft brewery was analyzed. The HHtotal was determined as the sum of direct (blue and grey) and indirect contributions. Seventy-six percent of people indicated that they consume beer, being craft beer the most preferred (56%). Forty-five percent were unaware of its impact, but 72% would choose for an eco-friendly option. In water footprint terms, 11 liters of water are required to produce 1 liter of craft beer. Seventy-two percent of the contribution was indirect; within the direct contribution the grey one (13%) was significant in mashing and boiling stages, while blue was relevant in packaging process. The study revealed that craft beer production uses more water than what those contained in the product. This information will be useful in promoting a more responsible use of water by implementing actions towards a sustainable production.
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