Explorando la diversidad de levaduras en mieles del mundo: una revisión científica
; Olguin, Nair Temis 
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Fecha
05/2026
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Universidad de Morón
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Revista de Investigaciones Científicas de la Universdad de Morón
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2591-5444
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Resumen
La miel es un producto natural complejo generado por las abejas a partir del néctar de las flores. Alberga una microbiota diversa, compuesta principalmente por bacterias y hongos, entre ellos levaduras. Estas levaduras, muchas de las cuales son osmotolerantes y adaptadas a condiciones extremas, han sido objeto de un creciente interés en los últimos años por su diversidad, su papel ecológico y su potencial biotecnológico. En esta revisión se analizan los estudios realizados en distintas regiones del mundo sobre la diversidad de levaduras presentes en mieles, abordando los métodos utilizados para su identificación, los géneros y especies más comunes, y los factores que influyen en su distribución. Además, se discuten sus funciones ecológicas y sus posibles aplicaciones en áreas como la industria alimentaria y la biotecnología. Si bien aún existen importantes vacíos de conocimiento, especialmente en regiones submuestreadas, el estudio de las levaduras asociadas a mieles representa una oportunidad valiosa para comprender mejor la ecología microbiológica de este alimento ancestral y para explorar nuevas fuentes de compuestos bioactivos e innovaciones tecnológicas.
Honey is a complex natural product generated by bees from floral nectar. It harbors a diverse microbiota, composed mainly of bacteria and fungi, including yeasts. Many of these yeasts, which are osmotolerant and adapted to extreme conditions, have attracted increasing interest in recent years due to their diversity, ecological roles, and biotechnological potential. This review analyzes studies conducted in different regions of the world on the diversity of yeasts present in honeys, addressing the methods used for their identification, the most common genera and species, and the factors that influence their distribution. In addition, their ecological functions and potential applications in areas such as the food industry and biotechnology are discussed. Although significant knowledge gaps remain, particularly in under sampled regions, the study of yeasts associated with honey represents a valuable opportunity to better understand the microbial ecology of this ancestral food and to explore new sources of bioactive compounds and technological innovations.
Honey is a complex natural product generated by bees from floral nectar. It harbors a diverse microbiota, composed mainly of bacteria and fungi, including yeasts. Many of these yeasts, which are osmotolerant and adapted to extreme conditions, have attracted increasing interest in recent years due to their diversity, ecological roles, and biotechnological potential. This review analyzes studies conducted in different regions of the world on the diversity of yeasts present in honeys, addressing the methods used for their identification, the most common genera and species, and the factors that influence their distribution. In addition, their ecological functions and potential applications in areas such as the food industry and biotechnology are discussed. Although significant knowledge gaps remain, particularly in under sampled regions, the study of yeasts associated with honey represents a valuable opportunity to better understand the microbial ecology of this ancestral food and to explore new sources of bioactive compounds and technological innovations.
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