Efectos Antioxidantes y Antiinflamatorios de las Antocianinas en Estudios In Vitro, In Vivo y Ensayos Clínicos en Humanos. Fuentes Naturales y Vías Moleculares Involucradas
; Duchowicz, Pablo Román
; Pomilio, Alicia Beatriz 
Otros responsables
Fecha
12/2025
Editorial
Asociación Química Argentina
Revista
Anales de la Asociación Química Argentina
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Institución organizadora
ISSN
0365-0375
eISSN
2545-8655
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Español
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Resumen
Las antocianinas son productos naturales que dan color a gran variedad de flores y frutas, por lo que resultan de interés para reemplazar a los colorantes alimentarios sintéticos. Además presentan propiedades beneficiosas para la salud humana debido a sus propiedades antioxidantes, antiinflamatorias e inmunomoduladoras. Las antocianinas han mostrado ser apropiadas como agentes quimiopreventivos y de tratamiento contra enfermedades crónicas, como diabetes tipo II, síndrome metabólico, antiproliferativas, retinopatías, control de la obesidad, enfermedades neurodegenerativas como Parkinson y Alzheimer y trastornos cardiovasculares. En este trabajo se discuten los resultados de un meta-análisis que realizáramos en once ensayos con condrocitos humanos y diecinueve ensayos clínicos en pacientes con osteoartritis y veintidós ensayos en pacientes con sobrepeso/obesidad. La interacción entre la inflamación de la osteoartritis y la obesidad, y la subsiguiente regulación/inmunomodulación se realizó vía las antocianinas dietarias. Los mejores resultados se obtuvieron con frutillas, cerezas, bayas, granadas, frutas tropicales, escaramujo, arroz morado, maíz morado, porotos rojos y soja negra, junto con las agliconas cianidina, delfinidina, malvidina y peonidina, algunos 3-O-glucósidos, los metabolitos y las antocianinas aciladas de un cultivar de papa de pulpa púrpura oscura. Las antocianinas aliviaron el dolor y la rigidez en la artrosis, contribuyendo a mejorar la actividad diaria y los datos biométricos de los pacientes, destacando así la relevancia clínica de las antocianinas dietarias para la prevención y el manejo de la artrosis y las comorbilidades crónicas. Se analizaron las vías de señalización involucradas a nivel molecular.
Anthocyanins are natural products that give color to a wide variety of flowers and fruits, thus providing a promising alternative to synthetic food dyes. These compounds also offer health benefits due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. Anthocyanins have shown suitable as chemopreventive and treatment agents for chronic diseases, including type II diabetes, metabolic syndrome, antiproliferative disorders, retinopathies, obesity management, neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's, and cardiovascular disorders. This paper discusses the results of a meta-analysis we recently conducted on eleven human chondrocyte studies, nineteen clinical trials in patients with osteoarthritis, and twenty-two trials in overweight/obese patients. The interaction between osteoarthritis inflammation and obesity, and the subsequent regulation/immunomodulation, was mediated by dietary anthocyanins. The best results were obtained with strawberries, cherries, berries, pomegranates, tropical fruits, rosehips, purple rice, purple corn, kidney beans, and black soybeans, along with the aglycones cyanidin, delphinidin, malvidin, and peonidin, some 3-O-glucosides, metabolites, and acylated anthocyanins from a dark purple-fleshed potato cultivar. Anthocyanins alleviated pain and stiffness in osteoarthritis, contributing to improve daily activity and biometric data in patients, thus highlighting the clinical relevance of dietary anthocyanins for the prevention and management of osteoarthritis and chronic comorbidities. The signaling pathways involved were analyzed at the molecular level.
Anthocyanins are natural products that give color to a wide variety of flowers and fruits, thus providing a promising alternative to synthetic food dyes. These compounds also offer health benefits due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. Anthocyanins have shown suitable as chemopreventive and treatment agents for chronic diseases, including type II diabetes, metabolic syndrome, antiproliferative disorders, retinopathies, obesity management, neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's, and cardiovascular disorders. This paper discusses the results of a meta-analysis we recently conducted on eleven human chondrocyte studies, nineteen clinical trials in patients with osteoarthritis, and twenty-two trials in overweight/obese patients. The interaction between osteoarthritis inflammation and obesity, and the subsequent regulation/immunomodulation, was mediated by dietary anthocyanins. The best results were obtained with strawberries, cherries, berries, pomegranates, tropical fruits, rosehips, purple rice, purple corn, kidney beans, and black soybeans, along with the aglycones cyanidin, delphinidin, malvidin, and peonidin, some 3-O-glucosides, metabolites, and acylated anthocyanins from a dark purple-fleshed potato cultivar. Anthocyanins alleviated pain and stiffness in osteoarthritis, contributing to improve daily activity and biometric data in patients, thus highlighting the clinical relevance of dietary anthocyanins for the prevention and management of osteoarthritis and chronic comorbidities. The signaling pathways involved were analyzed at the molecular level.
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