Escuela Nueva y relato autobiográfico: Análisis de la trayectoria de Gerarda Scolamieri, una docente argentina

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07/2023
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Sociedad Mexicana de Historia de la Educación
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Revista Mexicana de Historia de la Educación
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2007-7335
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En este trabajo se realiza una reconstrucción biográfica de Gerarda Scolamieri (1889-1961), maestra argentina a partir de la triangulación de fuentes y de un trabajo de análisis discursivo de su obra impresa. Se exploran aspectos de su itinerario laboral, y rasgos de su perspectiva didáctica a partir de sus iniciativas como directora de una escuela estatal. Partiendo del análisis de su libro Vida y espíritu de una escuela (1946), se identifican menciones, evocaciones y ausencias, formas de autorrepresentación y el despliegue de propuestas innovadoras. Para mediados de siglo XX, otras docentes recurrieron a este tipo de registro. Así tomamos la categoría de memoria pedagógica para poner la obra escrita de Scolamieri en una serie mayor de relatos autorreferenciales. Este artículo se apoya en estudios previos sobre la Escuela Nueva en Argentina que han contribuido a delimitar rasgos de esa corriente pedagógica y aportes de los estudios de género que permitieron poner el foco en sujetos y relaciones poco exploradas previamente. Identificamos en esta estrategia de escritura la posibilidad de difundir la labor pedagógica de una directora argentina donde pueden detectarse vínculos de adhesión y de tensión con políticas educativas impulsadas por el gobierno de lo escolar y formas de apropiación de discursos pedagógicos.
In this paper, a biographic reconstruction of Gerarda Scolamieri (1889-1961), Argentinian female teacher, is carried out through the triangulation of sources and a discursive analysis of her printed work. Aspects of her work itinerary and features of her didactic perspective are explored from her initiatives as headmistress of a state school. Based on the analysis of her book Life and Spirit of a School (Vida y espíritu de una escuela, 1946), we identified mentions, evocations and absences, forms of selfrepresentation, and the deployment of innovative proposals. By the middle of the 20th century, other female teachers had adopted the same types of records. In that way, we take the category of pedagogical memory to place Scolamieri’s written work in a larger series of self-referential narratives. This article is supported by previous studies on the New School (“Escuela Nueva”) in Argentina that have contributed to defining the features of a pedagogical current and contributions from gender studies that allowed to highlight subjects and relationships that had been little explored before. In this writing strategy, we identified the possibility of disseminating the pedagogic work of an Argentinean principal where it was possible to detect adhesion connections and tension with educational policies promoted by the school governance and ways of appropriation of pedagogical discourses.
In this paper, a biographic reconstruction of Gerarda Scolamieri (1889-1961), Argentinian female teacher, is carried out through the triangulation of sources and a discursive analysis of her printed work. Aspects of her work itinerary and features of her didactic perspective are explored from her initiatives as headmistress of a state school. Based on the analysis of her book Life and Spirit of a School (Vida y espíritu de una escuela, 1946), we identified mentions, evocations and absences, forms of selfrepresentation, and the deployment of innovative proposals. By the middle of the 20th century, other female teachers had adopted the same types of records. In that way, we take the category of pedagogical memory to place Scolamieri’s written work in a larger series of self-referential narratives. This article is supported by previous studies on the New School (“Escuela Nueva”) in Argentina that have contributed to defining the features of a pedagogical current and contributions from gender studies that allowed to highlight subjects and relationships that had been little explored before. In this writing strategy, we identified the possibility of disseminating the pedagogic work of an Argentinean principal where it was possible to detect adhesion connections and tension with educational policies promoted by the school governance and ways of appropriation of pedagogical discourses.
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