Investigaciones arqueológicas en la margen sur del curso medio del río Colorado (departamento de Pichi Mahuida, provincia de Río Negro), Argentina
; Alberti, Jimena
; Martinez, Gustavo A. Otros responsables
Fecha
10/2024
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Universidad de Magallanes
Revista
Magallania
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eISSN
0718-2244
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Español
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Resumen
El objetivo del trabajo es presentar los primeros resultados de las investigaciones llevadas a cabo en la margen sur del curso medio del río Colorado (departamento de Pichi Mahuida, provincia de Río Negro). Se evalúan las principales características de la estructura del registro arqueológico del área a partir del estudio de los sitios El Viñedo, El Jabalí y Macia. Se presentan y discuten la cronología de las ocupaciones humanas, los patrones de asentamiento y las funcionalidades de los sitios que fueron habitados por cazadores-recolectores, en uno de los valles fluviales más importantes del norte de Patagonia. Se analizaron macroscópicamente materiales líticos, restos óseos faunísticos y fragmentos de cáscara de huevo de ñandú. Los sitios se ubican en depósitos eólicos en los sectores más elevados de la terraza fluvial, próximos a meandros abandonados y lagunas semilunares. Un fechado radiocarbónico (~900 años AP) y las características de los contextos arqueológicos sugieren ocupaciones asignables al Holoceno tardío final. En los tres sitios se encontrarían representadas las últimas etapas de producción de artefactos líticos y/o el reacondicionamiento de toolkits manufacturados sobre rocas locales. La presencia de cáscaras de huevo de ñandú grabadas podría indicar la existencia de redes de interacción social entre grupos a nivel regional. Los resultados obtenidos contribuyen a consolidar el conocimiento referido a los modos de vida de grupos humanos en la transición pampeano-patagónica oriental y el norte de Patagonia.
The aim of this work is to present the first archaeological research carried out on the southern bank of the middle course of the Colorado River (Pichi Mahuida district, Río Negro province). The main characteristics of the structure of the archaeological record of the area are evaluated, based on the study of the El Viñedo, El Jabalí and Macia sites. The chronology of human occupations, settlement patterns and functionalities of the sites that were inhabited by hunter-gatherer groups in one of the most important river valleys of northern Patagonia are presented and discussed. Lithic materials, faunal bone remains and fragments of Rheidae eggshell were analyzed at a macroscopic level. The sites are located in eolian deposits in the highest sectors of the fluvial terrace, close to abandoned meanders and semilunar lagoons. The radiocarbon dating (~900 years BP) and the characteristics of the archaeological contexts suggest occupations that can be assigned to the final Late Holocene. The three sites would represent the last stages of lithic artifact production and/or the reconditioning of toolkits manufactured on local rocks. The presence of engraved Rheidae eggshells could indicate social interaction networks among hunter-gatherer groups at regional level. The results obtained contribute to consolidate the knowledge on the lifestyles of human groups for the eastern Pampa-Patagonia transition and northern Patagonia.
The aim of this work is to present the first archaeological research carried out on the southern bank of the middle course of the Colorado River (Pichi Mahuida district, Río Negro province). The main characteristics of the structure of the archaeological record of the area are evaluated, based on the study of the El Viñedo, El Jabalí and Macia sites. The chronology of human occupations, settlement patterns and functionalities of the sites that were inhabited by hunter-gatherer groups in one of the most important river valleys of northern Patagonia are presented and discussed. Lithic materials, faunal bone remains and fragments of Rheidae eggshell were analyzed at a macroscopic level. The sites are located in eolian deposits in the highest sectors of the fluvial terrace, close to abandoned meanders and semilunar lagoons. The radiocarbon dating (~900 years BP) and the characteristics of the archaeological contexts suggest occupations that can be assigned to the final Late Holocene. The three sites would represent the last stages of lithic artifact production and/or the reconditioning of toolkits manufactured on local rocks. The presence of engraved Rheidae eggshells could indicate social interaction networks among hunter-gatherer groups at regional level. The results obtained contribute to consolidate the knowledge on the lifestyles of human groups for the eastern Pampa-Patagonia transition and northern Patagonia.
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