Hábitos de escucha y niveles de inmisión sonora de reproductores de música personales en jóvenes
; Perez Villalobo, Jorge Alejandro ; Scaliti, Fermin
; Hinalaf, María de Los Angeles 
Otros responsables
Fecha
02/2026
Editorial
Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Medicina. Departamento de Fonoaudiología
Revista
Revista Chilena de Fonoaudiología
Título del libro
Nombre del evento
Fecha del evento
Institución organizadora
ISSN
0717-4659
eISSN
0719-4692
ISBN
Idioma
Español
Tipo del evento
Clasificación temática
Palabras clave
Resumen
El daño auditivo permanente causado por el uso de reproductores de música personales (RMP) puede prevenirse modificando algunos hábitos de escucha. A pesar de lo anterior persisten hábitos de escucha insegura que conducen a altos niveles de inmisión sonora. Los objetivos de este estudio son: a) analizar los hábitos de escucha de RMP, niveles de inmisión sonora y tipos de auriculares en jóvenes y b) analizar los niveles de inmisión sonora del perfil espectral por tercios de octava de dos tipos de auriculares en jóvenes. Se realizó un estudio correlacional y transversal, con 29 jóvenes (18-30 años) que completaron un cuestionario sobre hábitos de escucha. Los niveles de inmisión sonora fueron captados mediante técnica de maniquí (HATS) durante escucha habitual (M1) y máximo nivel de salida de los RMP (M2). Por su parte, el perfil espectral se analizó por tercios de octava. Se realizaron análisis de correlación de Spearman y pruebas ANOVA para evaluar el nivel de inmisión según los hábitos de escucha, tipo de auriculares (intraaural-IEHP y supraaural-SAHP) y el perfil espectral. Se observaron niveles superiores a 75 dBA en jóvenes que usan RMP de 4 a 7 días entre 1 y 3 horas. Los LAeq24h calculados para dichas horas alcanzaron 81.49 dBA y 86.26 dBA, respectivamente. Las comparaciones entre tipos de auriculares mostraron niveles sonoros superiores en SAHP. La inmisión por banda espectral fue mayor entre 500 Hz y 1.6 kHz. Los jóvenes usuarios de RMP presentaron niveles de inmisión sonora elevados, con diferencias según el tipo de auricular y efectos independientes entre la medición y el perfil espectral.
Permanent hearing damage caused by using personal music players (PMPs) is preventable. However, young people persist in their unsafe listening habits, which lead to high noise immission levels (NIL). This study aimed to (a) analyze listening habits, noise immission levels, and types of headphones, and (b) to examine the noise immission levels of the spectral profile by onethird-octave bands for two types of headphones used by young adults. A correlational, cross-sectional study was conducted with 29 young adults (18–30 years) who completed a questionnaire on listening habits. Noise immission levels were measured using a head and torso simulator (HATS) during habitual listening (M1) and at the maximum output level of the PMPs (M2). The spectral profile was analyzed using one-third-octave bands. Spearman correlation analyses and ANOVA tests were performed to assess NIL across listening habits, headphone type (in-ear headphones [IEHP] and supra-aural headphones [SAHP]), and spectral profile. Levels exceeding 75 dBA were observed in young adults who used PMPs 4 to 7 days per week for 1 to 3 hours. The LAeq24h values calculated for these listening durations reached 81.49 dBA and 86.26 dBA, respectively. Comparisons between headphone types showed higher noise immission levels in SAHP. There was no interaction between the frequency spectrum, measurements, and headphone type. Spectral band immission was highest between 500 Hz and 1.6 kHz. Participants who used PMPs exhibited elevated NIL, with differences depending on headphone type and independent effects between measurement condition and spectral profile.
Permanent hearing damage caused by using personal music players (PMPs) is preventable. However, young people persist in their unsafe listening habits, which lead to high noise immission levels (NIL). This study aimed to (a) analyze listening habits, noise immission levels, and types of headphones, and (b) to examine the noise immission levels of the spectral profile by onethird-octave bands for two types of headphones used by young adults. A correlational, cross-sectional study was conducted with 29 young adults (18–30 years) who completed a questionnaire on listening habits. Noise immission levels were measured using a head and torso simulator (HATS) during habitual listening (M1) and at the maximum output level of the PMPs (M2). The spectral profile was analyzed using one-third-octave bands. Spearman correlation analyses and ANOVA tests were performed to assess NIL across listening habits, headphone type (in-ear headphones [IEHP] and supra-aural headphones [SAHP]), and spectral profile. Levels exceeding 75 dBA were observed in young adults who used PMPs 4 to 7 days per week for 1 to 3 hours. The LAeq24h values calculated for these listening durations reached 81.49 dBA and 86.26 dBA, respectively. Comparisons between headphone types showed higher noise immission levels in SAHP. There was no interaction between the frequency spectrum, measurements, and headphone type. Spectral band immission was highest between 500 Hz and 1.6 kHz. Participants who used PMPs exhibited elevated NIL, with differences depending on headphone type and independent effects between measurement condition and spectral profile.
Colecciones
Aprobación
Revisión
Complementado por
Referenciado por
Licencia Creative Commons
Excepto donde se indique lo contrario, la licencia de este ítem se describe como by-nc-sa
