La "linfa de Koch" en Buenos Aires (1890-1891): Médicos fraudulentos, xenofobia y honor en la cultura sanitaria

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07/2021
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Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Escuela de Historia
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Anuario de la Escuela de Historia Virtual
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1853-7049
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El objetivo de este artículo es documentar las variadas reacciones producidas en Buenos Aires por la llegada de la tuberculina, el fallido remedio ideado en 1890 por Robert Koch para curar la tuberculosis. Junto con reconstruir los ensayos clínicos efectuados en simultáneo en algunos nosocomios de la red sanitaria local entre enero y febrero de 1891, se examina la airada polémica despertada por la presunción de que un médico extranjero traficaba una versión falsificada de la droga. El estudio detenido de ese conflicto, del que tomaron parte tanto las autoridades del Departamento Nacional de Higiene como de la Facultad de Medicina, sirve para echar luz sobre algunas dimensiones del mundo de la salud de la capital argentina durante el tramo final del siglo XIX. La creciente presencia de diplomados foráneos y la expansión de un mercado interno de productos de consumo higiénico, son algunos de los tópicos a revisar.
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the varied reactions produced in Buenos Aires by the arrival of tuberculin, the failed remedy developed in 1890 by Robert Koch. In addition to reconstructing the clinical trials carried out simultaneously in some hospitals of the local health network between January and February 1891, the acrid controversy aroused by the presumption that a foreign doctor was trafficking a counterfeit version of the drug is studied. The careful examination of this conflict, in which both the authorities of the National Department of Hygiene and the Faculty of Medicine took part, serves to shed light on some dimensions of the world of health in the Argentine capital city during the end of the 19th century. The growing presence of foreign physicians and the expansion of an internal market for hygienic consumer products are some of the topics to review.
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the varied reactions produced in Buenos Aires by the arrival of tuberculin, the failed remedy developed in 1890 by Robert Koch. In addition to reconstructing the clinical trials carried out simultaneously in some hospitals of the local health network between January and February 1891, the acrid controversy aroused by the presumption that a foreign doctor was trafficking a counterfeit version of the drug is studied. The careful examination of this conflict, in which both the authorities of the National Department of Hygiene and the Faculty of Medicine took part, serves to shed light on some dimensions of the world of health in the Argentine capital city during the end of the 19th century. The growing presence of foreign physicians and the expansion of an internal market for hygienic consumer products are some of the topics to review.
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