Sentidos en disputa: el proceso de institucionalización de la agroecología en Argentina
; Gracia, María Amalia Otros responsables
Fecha
12/2021
Editorial
Centro de Estudios e Investigaciones Laborales
Revista
Latinoamericana de Estudios Rurales
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Institución organizadora
ISSN
2525-1635
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Español
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Resumen
La emergencia de la agroecología puede rastrearse tanto en acciones de organizaciones y movimientos sociales como en instituciones estatales y académicas. En este artículo se reflexiona sobre su institucionalización en Argentina a partir del análisis de su introducción en las políticas públicas promovidas por el Estado y en actividades impulsadas por las universidades nacionales. Partiendo de la premisa de que en estos procesos hay una disputa de sentidos, se utilizan técnicas cualitativas de producción y análisis de datos para identificar y comprender el significado que distintos actores sociales, académicos y políticos le atribuyen. Los procesos de institucionalización de la agroecología en el país resultan de un doble movimiento de confluencia. Por un lado, derivan de la presión y lucha que diferentes organizaciones -en alianza con sectores académicos y/o vinculados al estado, críticos al modo de producción convencional-, vienen desarrollando desde mediados de la década de 1990 frente al sistema agroalimentario actual. Por otro, se inician ante el incremento de la conflictividad social derivada de las consecuencias ambientales de dicho sistema sobre la salud humana, que han tensado la forma de producción hegemónica y ampliado el espectro de participación. Entre las conclusiones destacamos que la agroecología ha despertado cada vez más interés en distintos actores sociales y políticos, incluyendo a aquellos consumidores organizados y no organizados que, en la búsqueda de alimentos “sin venenos”, tensionan el modo en que se producen y comercializan los alimentos.
The emergence of agroecology can be traced both in the actions of social organizations and movements and of state and academic institutions. This article reflects on its institutionalization in Argentina, based on the analysis of its introduction in Public Policies promoted by the State and in activities promoted by national universities. Starting from the premise that in these processes there is a dispute of meanings, qualitative techniques of data production and analysis are used to identify and understand the meaning that different social, academic and political actors attribute to it. The institutionalization processes of agroecology in the country result from a double movement of confluence. On the one hand, they derive from the pressure and struggle that different organizations, -in alliance with academic sectors and / or linked to the state, critical of the conventional mode of production-, have been developing since the mid-1990s against the agri-food system current. On the other hand, they begin in the face of the increase in social conflict derived from the environmental consequences of said system on human health, which have strained the hegemonic form of production and broadened the spectrum of participation. Among the conclusions, we highlight that agroecology has been arousing more and more interest in different social and political actors, including those organized and unorganized consumers who, in the search for food 'without poisons', stress the way in which they are produced and commercialized foods.
The emergence of agroecology can be traced both in the actions of social organizations and movements and of state and academic institutions. This article reflects on its institutionalization in Argentina, based on the analysis of its introduction in Public Policies promoted by the State and in activities promoted by national universities. Starting from the premise that in these processes there is a dispute of meanings, qualitative techniques of data production and analysis are used to identify and understand the meaning that different social, academic and political actors attribute to it. The institutionalization processes of agroecology in the country result from a double movement of confluence. On the one hand, they derive from the pressure and struggle that different organizations, -in alliance with academic sectors and / or linked to the state, critical of the conventional mode of production-, have been developing since the mid-1990s against the agri-food system current. On the other hand, they begin in the face of the increase in social conflict derived from the environmental consequences of said system on human health, which have strained the hegemonic form of production and broadened the spectrum of participation. Among the conclusions, we highlight that agroecology has been arousing more and more interest in different social and political actors, including those organized and unorganized consumers who, in the search for food 'without poisons', stress the way in which they are produced and commercialized foods.
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