Microarrays towards nanoarrays and the future Next Generation of Sequencing methodologies (NGS)

Abstract

This Review analyze insides for Next Generation of Sequencing (NGS), and discuss the state of the art based in different techniques and strategies. In this way it was presented from amplified and modified methodologies towards non-amplified methods for varied genomic materials. Thus, it was discussed and compared the basis of both methodologies. By this manner it was afforded to understand how the specific non-covalent nucleotide interactions where involucrated and participated in the oligonucleotide detections. Therefore, insides of new strategies and approaches by the applications of different strategies such as enhanced targeted signal detections from single oligonucleotides pairs were showed and discussed. In this manner, it was revised and discussed representative developments from the state of the art of nanoarrays, colorimetric methodologies, use of molecular and polymeric transducers, Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET), Metal Enhanced Fluorescence (MEF), Enhanced Plasmonic approaches, non-classical light coupling methods, and use of semiconductors, as well as other strategies. By this manner it was intended to introduce and discuss the future of NGS methodologies from insides and advances of different approaches discussing the already incorporated NGS in the market. In addition, it was afforded to some insights about how this technology it is currently developed and applied for broad spectra of applications within different Research Fields as Omnics.