Rasgos de personalidad y rendimiento académico en jóvenes universitarios argentinos
; Blanco, César Eduardo ; Gentile, Leonardo ; Tortul, María Candela 
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Fecha
12/2021
Editorial
Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán
Revista
Educación y ciencia
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ISSN
2448-525x
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Español
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Resumen
Es importante examinar la personalidad y el rendimiento académico durante la juventud con el propósito de entender mejor las variables que pueden potenciar o no el éxito académico durante la tercera década de la vida. Con el objetivo de determinar si existe asociación entre los factores de personalidad y el rendimiento académico y comparar si existen diferencias en los factores de personalidad entre aquellos que tienen un rendimiento académico alto y quienes tienen un rendimiento académico bajo, se realizó un estudio comparativo-correlacional, transversal y de campo, en una muestra de 395 jóvenes universitarios argentinos, que tenían entre 18 y 28 años. Se aplicó un cuestionario sociodemográfico estructurado, el Inventario Revisado de Personalidad NEO (NEO PI-R), y se evaluó el rendimiento académico consultando a cada sujeto sobre el promedio estimado en sus exámenes finales. Se determinó el coeficiente de Pearson y se encontró que la asociación más elevada se presentó entre la responsabilidad y el rendimiento académico, seguidamente se presentaron asociaciones significativas, aunque bajas del resto de los factores como extraversión, apertura a la experiencia y agradabilidad con el rendimiento académico, y no se halló correlación entre neuroticismo y rendimiento académico. En cuanto a la comparación de perfiles, se llevó a cabo una prueba t hallando diferencias significativas en la apertura, la agradabilidad y la responsabilidad en favor de quienes tenían un alto rendimiento, en cambio no se hallaron diferencias en extraversión y neuroticismo. Se recomienda para futuros estudios profundizar en las facetas del factor responsabilidad.
It is important to examine personality and academic performance during youth to better understand the variables that may or may not enhance academic success during the third decade of life. To determine whether there is an association between personality factors and academic performance and to compare whether there are differences in personality factors between those with high academic performance and those with low academic performance, a field, comparative-correlational and cross-sectional study was carried out, with a sample of 395 young adults of between 18 and 28 years old who are university students in Argentina. A structured sociodemographic questionnaire was applied, the NEO Revised Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R), and the academic performance was evaluated by consulting each subject on the estimated average in their final exams. Subsequently, the Pearson coefficient was calculated showing that the highest association was between responsibility and academic performance, followed by significant but weak associations between the rest of the factors -such as extraversion, openness to experience and agreeableness- with academic performance, and no correlation was found between neuroticism and academic performance. Regarding the comparison of profiles, a t-test was carried out, finding significant differences in openness, agreeableness, and responsibility in favor of those who had a high performance, whereas no differences were found in extraversion and neuroticism. It is recommended that future studies delve into the facets of the responsibility factor.
It is important to examine personality and academic performance during youth to better understand the variables that may or may not enhance academic success during the third decade of life. To determine whether there is an association between personality factors and academic performance and to compare whether there are differences in personality factors between those with high academic performance and those with low academic performance, a field, comparative-correlational and cross-sectional study was carried out, with a sample of 395 young adults of between 18 and 28 years old who are university students in Argentina. A structured sociodemographic questionnaire was applied, the NEO Revised Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R), and the academic performance was evaluated by consulting each subject on the estimated average in their final exams. Subsequently, the Pearson coefficient was calculated showing that the highest association was between responsibility and academic performance, followed by significant but weak associations between the rest of the factors -such as extraversion, openness to experience and agreeableness- with academic performance, and no correlation was found between neuroticism and academic performance. Regarding the comparison of profiles, a t-test was carried out, finding significant differences in openness, agreeableness, and responsibility in favor of those who had a high performance, whereas no differences were found in extraversion and neuroticism. It is recommended that future studies delve into the facets of the responsibility factor.
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