Análisis espacial entre la pobreza y la vegetación en la ciudad de Mar del Plata (Argentina)
; Arias, Maria Eugenia
; Velázquez, Guillermo Ángel 
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01/2026
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Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
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Geografias
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2237-549X
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En América Latina las ciudades han sido testigos de una transformación marcada por el surgimiento de urbanizaciones cerradas en sus alrededores. Este fenómeno profundizó la fragmentación urbana, exacerbó la segregación social y dificultó la interacción entre diferentes estratos sociales. Las urbanizaciones periféricas, con altos niveles de seguridad y servicios exclusivos, contrastan con áreas aledañas que carecen de servicios básicos como agua potable y educación. Esta disparidad socava la planificación urbana integral y daña el tejido social en las periferias. Este es el caso de la ciudad de Mar del Plata, donde a través del análisis de la relación entre pobreza (utilizando el índice de Necesidades Básicas Insatisfechas) y la presencia de vegetación (utilizando el indicador NDVI), se identificaron sectores censales en la periferia donde reside una población no pobre y hay abundante vegetación. Se detectaron dos enclaves, uno al norte y otro al sur del lugar. La población que reside en estos enclaves se distribuye entre reservas forestales urbanizadas, sectores censales costeros y comunidades cerradas y/o clubes de campo. A pesar de la preferencia por las áreas verdes, la expansión urbana sin considerar el entorno natural puede afectar negativamente la calidad de vida. Este fenómeno pone de relieve la necesidad de una planificación urbana más equitativa y sostenible.
In Latin America, cities have witnessed a transformation marked by the emergence of gated communities on the outskirts. This phenomenon has deepened urban fragmentation, exacerbated social segregation and hindered interaction between different social strata. Peripheral urbanizations, with high levels of security and exclusive services, contrast with surrounding areas lacking basic services such as potable water and education. This disparity undermines comprehensive urban planning and damages social fabric in the peripheries. This is the case of Mar del Plata city, where through the analysis of the relationship between poverty (using the Unsatisfied Basic Needs index) and vegetation presence (using the NDVI indicator), census tracts in the periphery have been identified where non-poor population resides and abundant vegetation exists. Two enclaves were detected, one to the north and one to the south of the locality. The population residing in these enclaves is distributed in urban forest reserves, coastal census tracts, and gated communities and/or country clubs. Despite the preference for green areas, urban expansion without considering the natural environment can negatively affect quality of life. This phenomenon underscores the need for more equitable and sustainable urban planning.
In Latin America, cities have witnessed a transformation marked by the emergence of gated communities on the outskirts. This phenomenon has deepened urban fragmentation, exacerbated social segregation and hindered interaction between different social strata. Peripheral urbanizations, with high levels of security and exclusive services, contrast with surrounding areas lacking basic services such as potable water and education. This disparity undermines comprehensive urban planning and damages social fabric in the peripheries. This is the case of Mar del Plata city, where through the analysis of the relationship between poverty (using the Unsatisfied Basic Needs index) and vegetation presence (using the NDVI indicator), census tracts in the periphery have been identified where non-poor population resides and abundant vegetation exists. Two enclaves were detected, one to the north and one to the south of the locality. The population residing in these enclaves is distributed in urban forest reserves, coastal census tracts, and gated communities and/or country clubs. Despite the preference for green areas, urban expansion without considering the natural environment can negatively affect quality of life. This phenomenon underscores the need for more equitable and sustainable urban planning.
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