Obtención de espumas metálicas utilizando como metal principal aluminio comercial y reciclado con diversos agentes espumantes

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Fecha
02/2022
Editorial
Universidad Tecnológica Nacional
Revista
Revista Tecnología y Ciencia
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1666-6933
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Español
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Resumen
Se realizó el presente trabajo basado en la fabricación de espumas metálicas mediante la técnica de pulvimetalurgia. Para la fabricación de muestras, se emplearon polvos de aluminio comercial y reciclado. En algunos experimentos se adicionó cobre en polvo como aleante, tanto comercial como reciclado. Se utilizaron bicarbonato de sodio (NaHCO3) y carbonato de calcio (CaCO3) cómo agentes espumantes. Los polvos se mezclaron en diferentes proporciones. Se sometieron a un prensado con presiones y temperaturas diversas.Se espumaron en el horno a temperaturas de entre 640 ºC y 900 ºC en periodos de tiemposque varían entre 1,5 minutos y 30 minutos. Todos los métodos y procedimientos utilizadospermitieron la obtención de espumas, que mediante imágenes fotográficas y/o tomografíade rayos X demuestran cualitativamente diferencias estructurales. Tales como el tipo, formay distribución de los poros, y aparición de fallas internas (fisuras) normales a la dirección decompactación de la muestra durante el proceso de compresión unidireccional de los polvosen el estado verde.
The present work was based on the manufacture of metal foams using the powder metallurgy technique. For the production of samples, commercial and recycled aluminium powders were used. In some experiments, powdered copper was added as an allele, both commercial and recycled. Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3 ) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3 ) were used as foaming agents. The powders were mixed in different proportions. They were pressed with varying pressures and temperatures. They were foamed in the oven at temperatures between 640 ºC and 900 ºC in periods ranging from 1.5 minutes to 30 minutes. All the methods and procedures used made it possible to obtain foams, which by means of photographic images and/or X-ray tomography demonstrate qualitative structural differences. Such as the type, shape and distribution of pores, and the appearance of internal faults (cracks) normal to the compaction direction of the sample during the process of unidirectional compression of powders in the green state.
The present work was based on the manufacture of metal foams using the powder metallurgy technique. For the production of samples, commercial and recycled aluminium powders were used. In some experiments, powdered copper was added as an allele, both commercial and recycled. Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3 ) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3 ) were used as foaming agents. The powders were mixed in different proportions. They were pressed with varying pressures and temperatures. They were foamed in the oven at temperatures between 640 ºC and 900 ºC in periods ranging from 1.5 minutes to 30 minutes. All the methods and procedures used made it possible to obtain foams, which by means of photographic images and/or X-ray tomography demonstrate qualitative structural differences. Such as the type, shape and distribution of pores, and the appearance of internal faults (cracks) normal to the compaction direction of the sample during the process of unidirectional compression of powders in the green state.
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