Trabajo voluntario y producción de estatalidades: los/as promotores/as del ProHuerta en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires (Argentina)
; Cowan Ros, Carlos Javier
; Monzon, Julieta Otros responsables
Fecha
01/2021
Editorial
Asociación Latinoamericana de Sociología Rural; Centro de Estudios e Investigaciones Laborales
Revista
Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios Rurales
Título del libro
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Institución organizadora
ISSN
eISSN
2525-1635
ISBN
Idioma
Español
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Resumen
En el contexto de una crisis alimentaria nacional, se inició en 1990 el ProHuerta como Programa alimentario, y rápidamente se constituyó en un emblema de la acción estatal que se sostiene hasta la actualidad. Un aspecto distintivo es que su operatoria se apoya en una amplia red de voluntarios/as –promotores/as- que configuran el último eslabón entre los/as destinatarios/as y el Programa. En este trabajo analizamos la figura del/la voluntario/a y su ambigua posición con relación a la esfera estatal, partícipe en la ejecución de una política pública, pero como “agente no estatal”. En torno a esta figura se delinea un “margen del estado”, en el que la inclusión de sus prácticas supone mecanismos no institucionalizados para garantizar el funcionamiento del Programa por más de 30 años. Para ello, el trabajo analiza la trayectoria del ProHuerta y la estrategia de trabajo con los/as promotores/as; las características socioeconómicas y la integración de este papel en sus estrategias de vida; las motivaciones y representaciones respecto del Programa; y las convergencias y tensiones respecto a su agencia así como los dispositivos de gubernamentalidad que operan para el sostenimiento de una línea institucional. Finalmente reflexionamos sobre el papel de los sujetos subalternos en la producción de estatalidades. El diseño de investigación se basa en un estudio de caso cuya unidad empírica es el ProHuerta del Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires. El abordaje articula el método cuantitativo y cualitativo, en base a una encuesta realizada a 111 promotores/as del AMBA, entrevistas en profundidad a técnicos/as y promotores/as y otras fuentes revisadas.
In the context of a national food crisis, ProHuerta was launched in 1990 as a food program, and quickly became an emblem of state action that has been sustained to the present day. A distinctive aspect is that its operation is supported by a wide network of volunteers -promoters- who form the last link between the beneficiaries and the Program. In this paper we analyze the figure of the volunteer and his/her ambiguous position in relation to the state sphere, as a participant in the execution of a public policy, but as a "non-state agent". A "margin of the state" is delineated around this figure, in which the inclusion of his/her practices implies noninstitutionalized mechanisms to guarantee the operation of the Program for more than 30 years. For this purpose, the paper analyzes the trajectory of ProHuerta and the work strategy with the promoters; the socioeconomic characteristics and the integration of this role in their life strategies; the motivations and representations regarding the Program; and the convergences and tensions regarding their agency as well as the governmentality devices that operate to sustain an institutional line. Finally, we reflect on the role of subaltern subjects in the production of statehoods. The research design is based on a case study whose empirical unit is the ProHuerta of the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires. The approach articulates the quantitative and qualitative method, based on a survey of 111 promoters of the AMBA, in-depth interviews with technicians and promoters and other sources reviewed.
In the context of a national food crisis, ProHuerta was launched in 1990 as a food program, and quickly became an emblem of state action that has been sustained to the present day. A distinctive aspect is that its operation is supported by a wide network of volunteers -promoters- who form the last link between the beneficiaries and the Program. In this paper we analyze the figure of the volunteer and his/her ambiguous position in relation to the state sphere, as a participant in the execution of a public policy, but as a "non-state agent". A "margin of the state" is delineated around this figure, in which the inclusion of his/her practices implies noninstitutionalized mechanisms to guarantee the operation of the Program for more than 30 years. For this purpose, the paper analyzes the trajectory of ProHuerta and the work strategy with the promoters; the socioeconomic characteristics and the integration of this role in their life strategies; the motivations and representations regarding the Program; and the convergences and tensions regarding their agency as well as the governmentality devices that operate to sustain an institutional line. Finally, we reflect on the role of subaltern subjects in the production of statehoods. The research design is based on a case study whose empirical unit is the ProHuerta of the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires. The approach articulates the quantitative and qualitative method, based on a survey of 111 promoters of the AMBA, in-depth interviews with technicians and promoters and other sources reviewed.
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