Efectos del género y la educación en la felicidad en adultos argentinos
; Abal, Facundo Juan Pablo
; Attorresi, Horacio Felix Otros responsables
Fecha
11/2017
Editorial
Universidad de San Martín de Porres. Escuela Profesional de Psicología
Revista
Liberabit
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Institución organizadora
ISSN
1729-4827
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Español
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Resumen
La felicidad se conceptualiza como una emoción positiva centrada en el presente, muy deseable pero difícil de conseguir. Para estimarla se aplicó la versión argentina de la Escala de Felicidad de Lima de Alarcón (2006) compuesta de tres dimensiones: Sentido de la Vida Perspectiva Externa (SVPE), Sentido de la Vida Perspectiva Interna (SVPI) y Satisfacción con la Vida (SCV). Se seleccionaron tres muestras independientes de 200 individuos cada una (50% mujeres) considerando diferentes niveles educativos -desde secundario completo hasta universitario completo-. Se realizó un análisis de la varianza (ANOVA) de dos vías en cada dimensión considerando como factores fijos el género y el niveleducativo. En las tres dimensiones la interacción entre tener un mayor nivel educativo y ser del género femenino favoreció en forma significativa los mayores puntajes de felicidad (SVPE, F = 4.14, p = .02, η2 parcial = .014; SVPI, F = 2.34, p = .09, η2 parcial = .008; SCV, F = 3.34, p = .04, η2 parcial = .011). En SVPE y SVPI un mayor nivel educativo por sí mismo tuvo como efecto puntajes defelicidad más altos (SVPE, F = 4.12, p = .02, η2 parcial = .014; SVPI, F = 4.24, p = .02; η2 parcial = .014), mientras que en SCV fue pertenecer al género femenino el factor que aumentó en forma significativa los niveles de felicidad(F = 3.03, p = .08, η2 parcial = .005)
Happiness is defined as a positive emotion focusingon the present, which is highly desirable but difficult toachieve. To estimate the level of happiness in adults, weused the Argentinian version of the Happiness Scale ofLima (EFL, Alarcón, 2006). The EFL measures threedimensions: External Perspective of Sense of Life (SVPE),Internal Perspective of Sense of Life (SVPI) and LifeSatisfaction (SCV). Three independent samples of 200individuals each (50% female) were selected consideringdifferent educational levels (from high school graduatesto college graduates). A two-way analysis of variance(ANOVA) was applied to each dimension taking intoaccount gender and educational level as fixed factors. Inall three dimensions, the interaction between having ahigher educational level and being female favoredsignificantly the highest scores of happiness (SVPE, F =4.14, p = .02, partial η2 = .014; SVPI, F = 2.34, p = .09,partial η2 = .008; SCV, F = 3.34, p = .04, partial η2 = .011).A higher level of education by itself resulted in SVPE andSVPI higher happiness scores (SVPE, F = 4.12, p = .02,partial η2 = .014; SVPI, F = 4.24, p = .02; partial η2 = .014),whereas being female was the factor that significantlyincreased the levels of SCV happiness (F = 3.03, p = .08,partial η2 = .005)
Happiness is defined as a positive emotion focusingon the present, which is highly desirable but difficult toachieve. To estimate the level of happiness in adults, weused the Argentinian version of the Happiness Scale ofLima (EFL, Alarcón, 2006). The EFL measures threedimensions: External Perspective of Sense of Life (SVPE),Internal Perspective of Sense of Life (SVPI) and LifeSatisfaction (SCV). Three independent samples of 200individuals each (50% female) were selected consideringdifferent educational levels (from high school graduatesto college graduates). A two-way analysis of variance(ANOVA) was applied to each dimension taking intoaccount gender and educational level as fixed factors. Inall three dimensions, the interaction between having ahigher educational level and being female favoredsignificantly the highest scores of happiness (SVPE, F =4.14, p = .02, partial η2 = .014; SVPI, F = 2.34, p = .09,partial η2 = .008; SCV, F = 3.34, p = .04, partial η2 = .011).A higher level of education by itself resulted in SVPE andSVPI higher happiness scores (SVPE, F = 4.12, p = .02,partial η2 = .014; SVPI, F = 4.24, p = .02; partial η2 = .014),whereas being female was the factor that significantlyincreased the levels of SCV happiness (F = 3.03, p = .08,partial η2 = .005)
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