UHPLC‐MS/MS and GC‐MS Metabolic Profiling of a Medicinal Flourensia Fiebrigii Chemotype

Abstract

The comparative metabolic profiling and their biological properties of eight extracts obtained from diverse parts (leaves, flowers, roots) of the medicinal plant Flourensia fiebrigii S.F. Blake, a chemotype growing in highland areas (2750 m a.s.l.) of northwest Argentina, were investigated. The extracts were analysed by GC-MS and UHPLC-MS/MS. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of encecalin (relative content: 24.86%) in ethereal flower extract (EF) and this benzopyran (5.93%) together sitosterol (11.35%) in the bioactive ethereal leaf exudate (ELE). By UHPLC-MS/MS the main compounds identified in both samples were: limocitrin, (22.31%), (2Z)-4,6-dihydroxy-2-[(4-hydroxy-3,5- dimethoxyphenyl)methylidene]-1-benzofuran-3-one (21.31%), isobavachin (14.47%), naringenin, (13.50%), and sternbin, (12.49%). Phytocomplexes derived from aerial parts exhibited significant activity against biofilm production of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, reaching inhibitions of 74.7–99.9% with ELE (50 µg/mL). Notably, the extracts did not affect nutraceutical and environmental bacteria, suggesting a selective activity. ELE also showed the highest reactive species scavenging ability. This study provides valuable insights into the potential applications of this chemotype.