La experiencia de la modernidad: Shock y melancolía en Walter Benjamin

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Fecha
12/2019
Editorial
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Revista
Las Torres de Lucca
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2255-3827
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Español
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Resumen
Si la modernidad involucra una mirada a través de la cual leer se puede leer la continuidad histórica ininterrumpida de la utopía social y la armonía de clase y el progreso del siglo XIX, resulta fundamental explorar cuál es la contracara de esta fantasía del progreso que coloca al individuo en la modernidad en una situación de depresión y deuda, en la medida en que esas promesas no son nunca enteramente cumplidas. Repensando esta herencia es que Walter Benjamin construye su idea de historia e imagina el modo en que debe actuar el historiador materialista, es decir, el que habrá de articular justicia y redención del pasado tal como proponen las tesis de Sobre el concepto de historia, ese texto de 1940 sobre el que trabajó al final de su vida para encontrar lo que Michael Löwy llama una constelación crítica, que une el pasado con el presente. A la luz de estas consideraciones, se persiguen dos objetivos principales: por un lado, delinear lo que en Benjamin sería una teoría de la modernidad; por el otro, examinar la relación entre la experiencia de la modernidad, ligada a la melancolía y la pérdida, y la experiencia estética, en tanto dispositivo privilegiado para volver pensable el hacer humano.
If modernity involves a view through which it is possible to read the uninterrupted historical continuity of social utopia and the harmony of class and the progress of the 19th century, it is fundamental to explore what is the other face of this fantasy of progress that places the individual in modernity in a situation of depression and debt, inasmuch as those promises are never fully fulfilled. Walter Benjamin builds his idea of history rethinking this legacy. He imagines the way in which the materialist historian must act, that is, the one who will articulate justice and redemption of the past as it is proposed on the thesis of On the concept of history, a text of 1940 on which he worked until the end of his life. In this text, we can find what Michael Löwy called a critical constellation, which links the past with the present. Regarding these considerations, we pursue two main objectives: on the one hand, to delineate what a theory of modernity could mean in the frame of Benjamin's work; on the other, to examine the relationship between the experience of modernity, linked to melancholy and loss, and the aesthetic experience, understood as a privileged device to make thinkable the human doing.
If modernity involves a view through which it is possible to read the uninterrupted historical continuity of social utopia and the harmony of class and the progress of the 19th century, it is fundamental to explore what is the other face of this fantasy of progress that places the individual in modernity in a situation of depression and debt, inasmuch as those promises are never fully fulfilled. Walter Benjamin builds his idea of history rethinking this legacy. He imagines the way in which the materialist historian must act, that is, the one who will articulate justice and redemption of the past as it is proposed on the thesis of On the concept of history, a text of 1940 on which he worked until the end of his life. In this text, we can find what Michael Löwy called a critical constellation, which links the past with the present. Regarding these considerations, we pursue two main objectives: on the one hand, to delineate what a theory of modernity could mean in the frame of Benjamin's work; on the other, to examine the relationship between the experience of modernity, linked to melancholy and loss, and the aesthetic experience, understood as a privileged device to make thinkable the human doing.
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