Las virtudes del derecho inexacto: la imprecisión jurídica como estrategia literaria en Menandro (Samia 570-588 y Héroe 18-40)

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09/2021
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Universidad Nacional del Nordeste
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Cuadernos de Literatura
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2684-0499
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A pesar de que suele decirse que, a diferencia de las obras aristofánicas, la comedia de Menandro no se caracteriza por incluir referencias al derecho ateniense, un análisis de sus piezas conservadas permite apreciar un número considerable de alusiones a leyes, litigios y procedimientos judiciales. El objetivo de este trabajo es examinar dos pasajes en que se despliega ese recurso del plano jurídico (Sam. 570-588; Her. 18-40) con el fin de explorar las estrategias mediante las cuales allí Menandro manipula literariamente el derecho. En particular, se relevará en ambos textos la voluntad por apelar de modo genérico y vacilante al universo del derecho. A partir de una comparación con el pasaje de Escudo 174-189, se concluirá que la imprecisión y la vaguedad –características privilegiadas de estas referencias– replican los malentendidos tipos de los enredos cómicos y las incertidumbres de status con las que los argumentos de las piezas suelen revestir a sus personajes.
It is often stated that, in opposition to Aristophanes’ plays, Menander’s comedy is not characterized by the inclusion of references to Athenian law. However, an analysis of his surviving works reveals a considerable number of legal allusions, including mentions to litigation and judicial procedures. The objective of this paper is to examine two passages in which this legal background emerges (Sam. 570-588; Her. 18-40) in order to explore the strategies deployed by Menander to manipulate law for literary purposes. In particular, both texts show that the legal realm is quoted in a generic and hesitant way. By means of a comparison with Aspis 174-189, it will be concluded that imprecision and vagueness –which are privileged characteristics of these references– effectively replicate the typical misunderstanding of comic plots and the frequent uncertainties of status attributed to the characters in the plays.
It is often stated that, in opposition to Aristophanes’ plays, Menander’s comedy is not characterized by the inclusion of references to Athenian law. However, an analysis of his surviving works reveals a considerable number of legal allusions, including mentions to litigation and judicial procedures. The objective of this paper is to examine two passages in which this legal background emerges (Sam. 570-588; Her. 18-40) in order to explore the strategies deployed by Menander to manipulate law for literary purposes. In particular, both texts show that the legal realm is quoted in a generic and hesitant way. By means of a comparison with Aspis 174-189, it will be concluded that imprecision and vagueness –which are privileged characteristics of these references– effectively replicate the typical misunderstanding of comic plots and the frequent uncertainties of status attributed to the characters in the plays.
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