Primer aporte al conocimiento sobre la dieta de Geraeocormobius sylvarum (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae)

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Fecha
08/2026
Editorial
Fundación de Historia Natural Félix de Azara
Revista
Historia Natural
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ISSN
0326-1778
eISSN
1853-6581
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Español
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Resumen
Los Opiliones son arácnidos de hábitos nocturnos con una dieta variada: algunas especies son omnívoras, otras cazan pequeños artrópodos e invertebrados, muchas son carroñeras oportunistas y algunas incluso pueden capturar pequeños vertebrados. Sin embargo, la alimentación de la mayoría de las especies de este orden se conoce pobremente. El opilión Geraeocormobiussylvarum, perteneciente a la familia Gonyleptidae, se distribuye en Argentina en dos núcleos poblacionales: uno al este en las selvas del noreste de Argentina y países limítrofes, y otro en el noroeste de Argentina, dentro de las Yungas. Hasta ahora no existían registros publicados sobre su alimentación. En la Península de Andresito (Misiones), un corredor biológico de selva Paranaense cercano a las Cataratas del Iguazú, se observó un caso singular en 2026: numerosos individuos de G. sylvarum se alimentaban de un ejemplar atropellado de Crotalus durissus terrificus, la serpiente cascabel. Los opiliones no fueron recolectados, pero se identificaron por sus características morfológicas. Esta observación aporta evidencia novedosa sobre el comportamiento carroñero oportunista de G. sylvarum, incluyendo por primera vez un vertebrado en su dieta. Además, aunque la agregación de individuos es común en Opiliones, existen pocas referencias de este comportamiento durante la alimentación, lo que refuerza la importancia del hallazgo.
The Opiliones are nocturnal arachnids with a varied diet: some species are omnivorous, others hunt small arthropods and invertebrates, many are opportunistic scavengers, and some can even capture small vertebrates. However, the feeding habits of most species in this order remain poorly known. The harvestman Geraeocormobius sylvarum, belonging to the family Gonyleptidae, is distributed in Argentina in two disjunct population nuclei: one in the northeast, within the forests of northeastern Argentina and neighboring countries, and another in the northwest, within the Yungas. Until now, no published records existed regarding its diet. In the Andresito Peninsula (Misiones), a biological corridor of Paranaense forest near the Iguazú Falls, a singular case was observed in 2026: numerous individuals of G. sylvarum were feeding on a road-killed specimen of Crotalus durissus terrificus, the rattlesnake. The harvestmen were not collected but were identified by their morphological traits. This observation provides novel evidence of the opportunistic scavenging behavior of G. sylvarum, including for the first time a vertebrate in its diet. Moreover, although aggregation of individuals is common among Opiliones, there are few references to this behavior during feeding, which underscores the importance of the finding.
The Opiliones are nocturnal arachnids with a varied diet: some species are omnivorous, others hunt small arthropods and invertebrates, many are opportunistic scavengers, and some can even capture small vertebrates. However, the feeding habits of most species in this order remain poorly known. The harvestman Geraeocormobius sylvarum, belonging to the family Gonyleptidae, is distributed in Argentina in two disjunct population nuclei: one in the northeast, within the forests of northeastern Argentina and neighboring countries, and another in the northwest, within the Yungas. Until now, no published records existed regarding its diet. In the Andresito Peninsula (Misiones), a biological corridor of Paranaense forest near the Iguazú Falls, a singular case was observed in 2026: numerous individuals of G. sylvarum were feeding on a road-killed specimen of Crotalus durissus terrificus, the rattlesnake. The harvestmen were not collected but were identified by their morphological traits. This observation provides novel evidence of the opportunistic scavenging behavior of G. sylvarum, including for the first time a vertebrate in its diet. Moreover, although aggregation of individuals is common among Opiliones, there are few references to this behavior during feeding, which underscores the importance of the finding.
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