Análisis de la vulnerabilidad por flujos en masa en la provincia de San Juan (oeste de Argentina)

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Fecha
06/2012
Editorial
Universidad de Salamanca. Facultad de Ciencias. Sociedad Geológica de España
Revista
Revista de la Sociedad Geológica de España
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Institución organizadora
ISSN
0214-2708
eISSN
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Idioma
Español
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Clasificación temática
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Resumen
En este trabajo se aplican, mediante el uso de Sistemas de Información Geográfica, dos modelos estadísticos para la evaluación de la vulnerabilidad del terreno a la ocurrencia de flujos en masa, el índice estadístico Wi y la regresión logística. El área de estudio comprende un sector de Cordillera Frontal y de Precordillera Occidental Argentina, donde se elaboraron mapas de elevación, pendiente, insolación, orientaciones, litologías y un inventario de flujos en masa. Los mapas de vulnerabilidad generados han sido reclasificados en cinco categorías: muy baja, baja, moderada, alta y muy alta. Los resultados indican que la aparición de flujos en masa está favorecida por zonas con elevaciones cercanas a los 2000 m, laderas orientadas hacia el este y sureste, de baja insolación y pendientes entre 5° y 15°. Finalmente, estos mapas, fueron validados espacialmente observándose que el modelo Wi (82,65%) es más adecuado en este caso que el modelo de regresión logística (75,64%) para las clases alta y muy alta.
The statistical index (Wi) and logistic regression models are applied and verified for analysis of flows vulnerability in a portion of the Dry Frontal Andes and Occidental Preandes of Argentina, by means of Geographic Information System tools. For this purpose, thematic layers including debris flows inventory, lithology, elevation, slope, aspect, and solar radiation were used. Both models were useful to produce flows vulnerability maps where five categories have been distinguished: very low, low, moderate, high and very high. The analytical results show that elevations of 2000 m, a south-facing or south east-facing aspect, areas with relatively low solar radiation, and slope between 5º and 15º favor the existence of flows. Subsequently each flows vulnerability map was compared with known flows locations and tested. The statistical index (Wi) model (accuracy is 82.65%) is better in prediction than logistic regression (accuracy is 75.64%) model for the high and very high categories.
The statistical index (Wi) and logistic regression models are applied and verified for analysis of flows vulnerability in a portion of the Dry Frontal Andes and Occidental Preandes of Argentina, by means of Geographic Information System tools. For this purpose, thematic layers including debris flows inventory, lithology, elevation, slope, aspect, and solar radiation were used. Both models were useful to produce flows vulnerability maps where five categories have been distinguished: very low, low, moderate, high and very high. The analytical results show that elevations of 2000 m, a south-facing or south east-facing aspect, areas with relatively low solar radiation, and slope between 5º and 15º favor the existence of flows. Subsequently each flows vulnerability map was compared with known flows locations and tested. The statistical index (Wi) model (accuracy is 82.65%) is better in prediction than logistic regression (accuracy is 75.64%) model for the high and very high categories.
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