El comunismo como isla. La Unión Soviética, Hollywood y las apropiaciones culturales durante la Guerra Fría

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Fecha
12/2025
Editorial
Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras
Revista
Telar. Revista del Instituto Interdisciplinario de Estudios Latinoamericanos
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1668-3633
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Español
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Resumen
Este artículo revisa el modo en el cual una visión mitificada de la experiencia comunista ha ejercido una enorme influencia no solo en la cultura popular sino también en el campo académico. Particularmente, el texto aborda de manera crítica la extendida idea de que el mundo comunista en general y la Unión Soviética en particular estuvieron durante gran parte de su existencia encerrados detrás de una “cortina de hierro”, para utilizar la metáfora quizás más famosa pero no la única. Esa idea daba por sentado el férreo aislamiento de ese territorio respecto del resto del mundo y caracterizaba a la Unión Soviética como un espacio cerrado, autárquico y monótono. Gracias al acceso de archivos soviéticos desclasificados y a la incorporación de nuevas perspectivas teóricas dentro de la historiografía, esa imagen se fue modificando significativamente. Sin embargo, su impacto no se ha manifestado con fuerza en los estudios especializados en nuestra región. En ese sentido, el texto se propone presentar una serie de casos vinculados con el cine para revisar el mito del comunismo como isla a partir de un abordaje de los vínculos entre la Unión Soviética y Hollywood durante el período conocido como Guerra Fría.
This article addresses the way in which a mythologised view of the communist experience has exerted an enormous influence not only on popular culture but also on the academic field. In particular, it critically reviews the widespread idea that the communist world in general and the Soviet Union in particular were for much of their existence enclosed behind an ‘iron curtain’, to use perhaps the most famous but not the only metaphor. This idea took for granted the territory’s iron isolation from the rest of the world and characterised the Soviet Union as a closed, autarkic and monotonous space. Thanks to access to declassified Soviet archives and the incorporation of new theoretical perspectives within specialised historiography, this image has been significantly modified. However, its impact has not been strongly manifested in specialised studies in our region. In this sense, the text sets out to analyse a series of cases linked to cinema art in order to revise the myth of communism as an island, based on a review of the links between the Soviet Union and Hollywood during Cold War.
This article addresses the way in which a mythologised view of the communist experience has exerted an enormous influence not only on popular culture but also on the academic field. In particular, it critically reviews the widespread idea that the communist world in general and the Soviet Union in particular were for much of their existence enclosed behind an ‘iron curtain’, to use perhaps the most famous but not the only metaphor. This idea took for granted the territory’s iron isolation from the rest of the world and characterised the Soviet Union as a closed, autarkic and monotonous space. Thanks to access to declassified Soviet archives and the incorporation of new theoretical perspectives within specialised historiography, this image has been significantly modified. However, its impact has not been strongly manifested in specialised studies in our region. In this sense, the text sets out to analyse a series of cases linked to cinema art in order to revise the myth of communism as an island, based on a review of the links between the Soviet Union and Hollywood during Cold War.
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