Foucault (y Marx): elementos para una crítica de la forma jurídica

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Fecha
05/2017
Editorial
Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani
Revista
El Banquete de los Dioses
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2346-9935
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Resumen
El problema de la relación entre la forma jurídica y las prácticas no jurídicas puede resolverse afirmando la primera o bien como forma ilusoria que sólo existe secundariamente para recubrir otras prácticas, o bien como forma tendencialmente caduca que devendría remplazada por nuevos mecanismos de dominación y poder. Marx y Foucault respectivamente pueden asociarse a cada una de estas “soluciones”. A partir de la genealogía foucaultiana del individuo como efecto antes que fundamento del poder, se hará surgir el problema para inventariar las formas múltiples, y no necesariamente componibles, en que es pensado: la oposición entre sujeto jurídico ideal del discurso jurídico-político e individuo sujetado a la técnica disciplinar, el relevo de las formas jurídicas por los mecanismos disciplinares o gubernamentales, el funcionamiento de las disciplinas como contraderecho y la función de enmascaramiento del derecho. Finalmente se concluye delineando cierta simetría en el tratamiento de la persistencia de la forma jurídica en Marx y Foucault que, más allá de su funcionalidad ideológica, abre la posibilidad de pensarla como una forma particular dentro de un campo de prácticas de sujeción diferencialmente eficaces.
The problem of the relation between the juridical form and non-juridical practices may be answer by posting the first as either an illusionary form that exists only to cover other practices or as gradually disappearing form that would be replace by new power mechanisms. Marx and Foucault can be each associated with one of these solutions. This problem will be made to emerge from the foucauldian genealogy of the individual as an effect rather that the foundation of power, in order to map the multiple, but not necessarily conjugable, forms in which is thought: the opposition between the ideal subject of the juridicopolitical discourse and the concrete subjected individual of the disciplinary technique, the disciplinary or governmental mechanisms that seems to take the place of the juridical form, the function of disciplines as counter-right and of right in covering up the disciplinary power. Finally, the article concludes by laying out the symmetry in both Foucault and Marx treatment of the persistence of the juridical form, both of which seem to open up the possibility of reframe it as a particular form, internal to a field of differentially effective practices of subjection, beyond the statement of its mere ideological functionality.
The problem of the relation between the juridical form and non-juridical practices may be answer by posting the first as either an illusionary form that exists only to cover other practices or as gradually disappearing form that would be replace by new power mechanisms. Marx and Foucault can be each associated with one of these solutions. This problem will be made to emerge from the foucauldian genealogy of the individual as an effect rather that the foundation of power, in order to map the multiple, but not necessarily conjugable, forms in which is thought: the opposition between the ideal subject of the juridicopolitical discourse and the concrete subjected individual of the disciplinary technique, the disciplinary or governmental mechanisms that seems to take the place of the juridical form, the function of disciplines as counter-right and of right in covering up the disciplinary power. Finally, the article concludes by laying out the symmetry in both Foucault and Marx treatment of the persistence of the juridical form, both of which seem to open up the possibility of reframe it as a particular form, internal to a field of differentially effective practices of subjection, beyond the statement of its mere ideological functionality.
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